252 



ARTICULATION OF THE WRIST. 



is lined by a cartilaginous process, continued from the upper 

 surface of the aforesaid cartilage ; so that the extremity and 

 the side of the ulna play upon the cartilage continued from the 

 radius. This articulation of the ulna and radius is distinct from 

 that of the radius and carpus. 



Fig. 59.* A synovial membrane covers the 



articulating head formed by the 

 three bones of the carpus, and is 

 reflected from the margin of their 

 cartilaginous surface, to the carti- 

 lage at the end of the radius. A 

 plait or fold of this membrane 

 passes from the head of the carpus, 

 at the junction of the scaphoides 

 and lunare, to the opposite part of 

 the cartilage of the radius, and has 

 been called the Mucous Ligament, 

 (ligamentum mucosum.^ 



A strong ligament (internal lat- 

 eral) is placed on the internal side 

 of this articulation, which arises 

 from the styloid process of the ulna, and is inserted into the 

 anterior transverse ligament which confines the flexor tendons, 

 and into the pisiforme and cuneiforme bones. 



* Anterior or palmar surface, a. External lateral ligament, b. Internal 

 lateral ligament, c. Three anterior or palmar ligaments belonging to the articu- 

 lation of the first row of bones with the radius, or the radio-carpal articulation. 

 They run from the radius to the bones of the carpus, e. Two very strong 

 inferior ligaments which connect the pisiform and cuneiform bones together : 

 besides these, four other ligaments are discovered at this articulation, an exter- 

 nal, an internal, and two lateral. So strong is this articulation, that the pisiform 

 bone is rarely if ever dislocated. /. Anterior radio-lunar ligament. Articula- 

 tion of the two bones together. /. An anterior or palmar ligament, running 

 from the os magnum, and diverging to the three inner bones of the first row. 

 m. Palmar ligaments which connect the metacarpal bones at their base. There 

 is another set of fibres called the interosseous, not seen here, which connect 

 these bones at their base. n. Palmar or transverse ligament at the anterior end 

 of these bones, s. Capsular ligament of the thumb, u. Ligamento-cariilagi- 

 nous, thickens over the first joint of the fingers, v. Lateral ligaments, y. Pal- 

 mar or glenoid ligaments, as they seem to deepen the articular surface for the 

 phalanges. 



