INSECT AND FUNGOID ENEMIES 183 



Agaricus Melleus (the Honey Fungus). — The needles of 

 fpiees affected by this disease also turn brown, but the 

 sporophores, like mushrooms, are found at the base of 

 young stems or upon old stools. The mycelium assumes 

 different forms. Between the bark and the wood it 

 appears as a white felty layer, changing into hard, brown, 

 wire-like strands when the tree is dry. These strands or 

 rhizomorphs grow out of the bark of the roots, and run 

 through the soil until meeting with other roots, the bark 

 of which they penetrate, spreading out again into myce- 

 lial layers of white felt. Another point of identity is the 

 fiow of resin that takes place at the base of the stem. 

 This disease is found on hardwoods as a saprophyte, and 

 is also said to be parasitic in some cases. It attacks 

 almost all conifers. 



Lophodermium Pinastri {the Leaf -shedding Fungus). — 

 The leaves of Scots and Austrian Pines turn brown and 

 drop off. The trees appear as if badly frosted. 



Peridermium Pini Acicola {the Pine-Needle Blister). — 

 Yellow blisters appear in rows on both sides of the 

 needles. 



Peridermium Pini Corticola {the Pine-Bark Blister or 

 Canker). — This disease is very destructive to pole woods 

 in many parts of the country. It infects wounds on 

 branches, causing rupture of the bark and subsequent 

 death, by preventing the flow of sap. 



