November 5, 1891] 



NA TURE 



17 



based almost exclusively upon original dissections and 

 preparations. 



It might be supposed that the striking differences, 

 both in size and in shape, which are presented by dogs 



ties which result therefrom, are, as might be supposed, 

 not ignored by the authors of this book. But they remark 

 hereon that apart from differences in size, render- 

 ing absolute measurements of little value, the racial 



Fig. I —Skeleton of the Aog. «. skull; /-, scapula ; c. humerus ; d, ulna ; d , olecranon ; e, radius ; /, carpus ; g, metacarpus; h, phalanges of fore- 

 foot : i, pelvis ; i , tuber ischii ; k, femur ; w, tibia ; n, fibula ; o, tarsus ; /, tuber calcanei : q, metatarsus ; r, phalanges of hind-fojt : s, coccygeal 

 vertebrae. The cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and the ribs are respectively numbered consecutively. 



of races so different from one another as, to take extreme 

 cases, the greyhound and the pug, would be accompanied 

 by such structural peculiarities as to render a general 



differences are almost entirely confined to the skeleton 

 and to certain parts of the muscular system, no important 

 differences being manifest in the position of the muscles. 



Fr, 2. — Fore-foot o the dog. a, carpal ball ; /, ball of the sole: 

 balls of the toes. 



Fig. 3. — Section of skull, displn)iDg the interior oi the cranial cavity, and 

 the frontal sinuses. The foramina of exit of (he cranial nerves, and the 

 impreKsi ns of the cerebral convolutions on the inner surface of the 

 craniu n are well shown. 



anatomical account of the dog of less value than that of 

 animals in which racial characteristics are less exagger- 

 ated. The differences which are found, and the difficul- 



NO. I 149, VOL. 45] 



\ essels, nerves, and viscera ; and even in crook-legged 

 .logs, such as the dachshund, in spite of the twisting of 

 the extremities, the topographical relations of the muscles 



