134 



The Farmstead 



A common form of the foundation for farm 

 houses is shown in Fig. 43 — a main structure, 

 reinforced by a wing which, in most cases, has 

 no cellar under it. Fig. 44 shows the cellar 

 under the whole structure. If the walls of the 

 unexcavated wing are placed 3% feet below 

 ground, as they should be in a cold climate, and 

 extend 2 feet above ground, it will take more 



stone to construct 

 the foundation 

 walls of the house 

 with a cellar un- 

 der only a part 

 than when it ex- 

 tends under the 

 entire structure. 

 The stone saved 

 by leaving out the 

 wall between the 

 two sections of the house will more than 

 suffice for building the walls of the wing to 

 their full height. In the latter case, it would 

 cost slightly more for excavation than in the 

 former. Since cellars, when aj^propriately used, 

 are in some respects the most useful and 

 cheapest rooms in the structure, there is no 

 economy in not placing them under the en- 

 tire house. A cellar may be divided by 4 -inch 

 brick walls into various rooms, corresponding in 



