168 



Tlie Farmstead 



die of the shingle, which splits by reason of the 

 shrinking. The case is still worse when three 

 nails are put in a shingle, for then it is almost 

 certain to split in the middle 

 and immediately in line with 

 the joint in the course above. 

 Unscientific placing of 

 shingles and insufficient mix- 

 ing of mortar results in an 

 unsatisfactory house, both in- 

 side and outside, however good 

 the materials may be. 



VENEERED HOUSES 



A most excellent way to 

 secure a warm, durable house, 

 and one that will re- 

 quire the minimum 

 of care-taking, is to 

 first construct a 4- 

 inch wall after the 

 balloon pattern 



as 



A veneered , , ^ . ' , 



wall, has been previously 

 described. To this 

 frame, sheathing surfaced on one side is attached. 

 The 4-inch brick wall is securely fastened to the 

 wooden structure by means of 30-penny spikes, 

 one at each studding, which are driven in at 

 the top of every seven courses of brick. ( See 



IU-' 



