214 The Farmstead 



copper, tinned and planished, dent easily and 

 the tinning wears off, but are fairly durable and 

 still less expensive ; those of wood -fiber are not 

 very common, but are impervious, light and 

 cleanly. 



The stationary washstand bowl and top are 

 usually of marble ; the outlet of the bowl 

 should not be smaller than the wastepipe ; the 

 trap should be near the bowl, and have a screw 

 plug, so that obstructions may be easily removed. 



There is an immense variety of water-closets; 

 thosa should be especially avoided which have 

 moveable machinery in connection with the 

 bowl, such as the pan, valve, and plunger 

 closets. Some of these are very inexpensive, 

 but they are objectionable, either because they 

 rust and accumulate filth, or because they get 

 out of order easily. The forms of closets with- 

 out movable machinery in connection with the 

 bowl, that is, in which the machinery is con- 

 nected with the flushing cistern, such as the 

 hopper, the siphon-jet, and the washout closets, 

 are to be preferred. Any washout or hopper 

 closet bought from a responsible firm is likely 

 to give satisfaction, if thoroughly flushed and 

 kept in order. 



Stationary laundry tubs are of less impor- 

 tance than these other plumbing fixtures, since 

 there are several excellent washino; machines the 



