286 



The Farmstead 



them lightly to the floor with nails, which 

 should be removed when the mangers are com- 

 pleted. Fig. 107 also shows the cross section 



Fig. 107. The building of a manger. 



of the brackets, with bottom, front, and back 

 side of the manger placed. 



The Newton cattle tie (Fig. 108), though 

 rather expensive, has proved most satisfactory. 

 It is made of one piece of round, durable 

 wood, as ash, about 1% inches in diameter and 

 bent at the corners, and is furnished with a 

 flat ring which encircles the bow 

 at the middle, to which is at- 

 tached a swivel ; to this is 

 fastened a rope to encircle the 

 animal's neck, the rope being 

 furnished with suitable fasten- 

 ings at the ends. The bows 

 are attached to the divisions on a level or a 

 little above the animal's throat when standing ; 



Fig. 108. 

 Newton cattle tie. 



