344 The Farmstead 



this a row of beets or onions ; then leave a 

 space thirty inches wide and again plant double 

 rows, if more of the small esculents are wanted. 

 The larger spaces may be cultivated by horse- 

 hoe and the smaller spaces by hand -hoe. The 

 entire garden which is to be planted in the 

 spring should be kept fertile and plowed early 

 in the spring, leaving that part of it which is 

 not designed for immediate planting unharrowed. 

 It may be necessary to replow. It certainly 

 will be necessary to cultivate several times 

 that part of the garden which is used for 

 late - growing crops, such as cabbage and 

 celery. As a rule, the farmer cannot afford 

 to attempt to raise two crops on the same land 

 the same year, since labor is everything and 

 the use of land nothing ; therefore, better pre- 

 pare the ground by two or three plowings for 

 the late crops, than to attempt to raise them 

 on land which has parted with much of its 

 readily available plant -food in producing the 

 early crop. Then, too, land which has produced 

 one crop is likely to be deficient in moisture, 

 while land that has been plowed two or three 

 times during the summer and kept well har- 

 rowed will be moist and contain an abundance 

 of readily available plant-food. Early in the 

 spring, when the land is cold and often too 

 moist, it is best to leave the soil rough for a 



