The Animal of Civilization 5 



of previous times. The ideal dairy cow of to-day is a 

 high -pressure milk maehiue extremely' sensitive to her 

 environment and demanding a degree of care in manage- 

 ment and feeding, if she is to do her safe maximum 

 work, which was not necessary with coarser and less deli- 

 cate organisms. Every successful dairyman must noAV 

 provide proper winter quarters for his herd and through- 

 out the entire year must supply rations that will sup- 

 port continuous, generous production. He must do 

 this, too, by the use of a greater variety of foods than 

 was formerly available. Not only has the number of 

 useful forage crops greatly increased, but the average 

 farmer no longer produces all the food which his ani- 

 mals consume. He now buys numerous kinds of com- 

 mercial feeding stuffs. These purchased materials are 

 not wholly the cereal grains whose value through long 

 experience has come to be measured by certain prac- 

 tical standards, but they consist in part of compara- 

 tively new by-products from the manufacture of oils, 

 starch and human food preparations, — feeding stuffs 

 which differ greatly in their nutritive properties. Be- 

 sides all these changes, animal husbandry is now called 

 upon as never before to feed the prosperous part of 

 humanity with high -class products having special qual- 

 ities of texture and flavor that depend to some extent 

 upon feeding. Certainl}^ the conditions and problems 

 to be met in this branch of human industry have grown 

 more and more complex. 



We must add to this the fact that, as is true with 

 every department of man's activity, science has laid 

 her hands upon the business of the farmer and has 



