;;oo 



NATURE 



[June 7, 1917 



Mr. W. Pullinger, Mr. F. Roscoe, Mr. T. H. J. Under- 

 down, Miss Hermione Unwin, the Rev. D. H. Wil- 

 liams, with Mr. A. H. Wood as secretary, to whom 

 all communications should be 'addressed at the office 

 of the Board of Education. Mr. Fisher intends also 

 to deal with teachers in secondary, technical, and 

 other schools by a further reference to a second com- 

 mittee connected with this committee in respect of 

 both constitution and functions. 



An illustrated brochure entitled "Women on the 

 Land " has been issued in which' a description of the 

 training of women and. girls for agricultural and 

 market-garden work at " Craigendowie," Broughton, 

 near Preston, is given. Under the Lancashire com- 

 mittee a month's training was provided for, but Mrs. 

 Ritchings, who has undertaken the work of training 

 the girls on her own estate, has wisely continued the 

 course of instruction for a second month. The num- 

 ber of students taken at one time is about twelve, 

 and probably it is possible to give much more thorough 

 instruction in the use of tools with a small number 

 of students than with the unduly large numbers which 

 are sometimes crowded for a month into training 

 centres. Although none of the women students at 

 "Craigendowie" had had previous experience ot agri- 

 cultural work of any kind, the results seem to have been 

 very successful, and the women have been drafted out 

 to situations in Lancashire and Cheshire. The reports 

 given by various training centres and the accounts 

 received from farmers, which have been published from 

 time to time in the Journal of the Board of Agri- 

 culture, show clearly that women are capable of doing 

 valuable work on the land, provided that the farmers 

 ^111 give them a fair trial and a certain amount of 

 preliminary instruction of a clear and practical kind. 

 With the care of dairy cows and other stock women 

 seem to have been particularly successful, though they 

 have carried out satisfactorily almost every type of 

 agricultural work. In view of the necessity for in- 

 creased cultivation, the demand for women's work on 

 the land will rapidly increase during this year, and 

 it is of the greatest importance that it should be 

 satisfactorily met. Training schools have fortunately 

 been established in many counties, and if women can 

 be assured of suitable accommodation and adequate 

 wages, large numbers will doubtless take up an 

 employment which has been re-discovered as healthy, 

 interesting, and absolutely essential to the welfare of 

 the nation. 



BOOKS RECEIVED. 



Three Lectures on Experimental Embryology. By 

 Dr. J. W. Jenkinson. With a Biographical Note by 

 Dr. R. R. Marett. Pp. xvi+130. (Oxford: At the 

 Clarendon Press.) 75. 6d. net. 



A Sketch Map of the Linguistic Areas of Europe. 

 (London : E. Stanford, Ltd.) 2 guineas. 



The War and the Nation : A Study in Constructive 

 Politics. By W. C. D. Whetham. Pp. viii + 312. 

 (London : J. Murray.) 65. net. 



Rings for the Finger, from the Earliest Known 

 Times to the Present. By Dr. G. F. Kimz. Pp. 

 xviii + 381 + illustrations, (Philadelphia and London: 

 J. B. Lippincott Co.) 285. net. 



The Home and the Family : An Elementary Text- 

 book of Home Making. By Profs. H. Kinne and 

 A. M. Cooley. Pp. vi-t-292. (New York: The Mac- 

 millan Co. ; London : Macmillan and Co., Ltd.) 3s. 6d. 

 net. 



Fresh-water Wonders and How to Identify Them, 

 By J. H. Crabtree. Pp. 64, (London : C. H, Kelly.) 

 15. 3d. net 



NO. 2484, VOL. 99] 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



THURSDAY, Junu 7. 



Royal Institution, at 3. — The Art of the Biographer : A. C. Benson. 



LiNNEAN Society, at 8. — The Hooker Lecture on The Natural Classifica- 

 tion of PLants : Prof. F. O. Bower. 



Chemical Society, at 8. — The Constitution of Internal Diazo-oxides 

 (Diazophenols). Part ii. : G. T. Morgan and H. P. Tomlins. — The Deter- 

 mination of Ozone and Oxides of Nitrogen In the Atmosphere : F. L. 

 Usher and' B. S. Rao. — Thiocarbamide and Esters: J.' Taylor. — The 

 Phosphates of Calcium. Part iv. The Basic Phosphates : H. Bassett, 

 jun. — Preparation of Secondary Aiylamines free from Primary Amines : 

 J. Thomas. — Some Double Compounds of Ferric Chloride with Ethers 

 A. F'orster, C. Coope, and G. Yarrow. — The Absorption Spectra of some 

 Polyhydroxyanthraquinone Dyes in Concentrated Sulphuric Acid Solution 

 and in the State of Vapour : D. B. Meek. — Action of Acetaldehyde 

 Ammonia on Quinones : P. C. Ghosh. — The Exact Determination of 

 Morphine in Complex Mixtures. Part i. A Collection and Revision of 

 Data ; A. '1 ingle. 



FRIDAY, June 8. 



Royal Institution, at 5.30J — Industrial Applications of Electrons : Sir 

 J. J. Thomson. 



Royal Astronomical Society, at 5. 



Phvsicai^ Society, at j. — A Bridge Method of Comparing Fixed Induct- 

 ances: T. Parnell. — The Radiation from Loaded AntennK : Van der Pol. 

 — A Demonstration of a Method of Preventing Sparking at a Rapid 

 " Make and Break ": Dr. A. Griffiths. 



SATURDAY, )Kti'e.<). 

 Royal Institution, at 3. — The Electrical Properties of Gases : Sir J. J, 



Thomson. 

 Aristotelian Society, at 8. — (At Cambridge.) — The Conception of a 



Cosmos : Prof. J. S. MacKenzie. 



SUNDAY, }\:ti-e. TO, 

 Ari.stotelian Society, at 8. — (At Cambridge.) — Symposium: Are the 

 Materials of Sense Affections of the Mind?: Dr. G. E. Moore, W. E. 

 Johnson, Prof. G. Dawes Hicks, Prof. J. A. Smith, and Prof. James 

 Ward. 



THURSDAY, }v\K n. 

 Mathematical Society, at 5.30. 



FRIDAY, June 15. 

 Institution of Mining Engineers, at ti a.m. — The Spontaneous Firing 

 of Cpal : Dr. J. S. Haldane.-^The By-product Coking Process, its 

 History, Development,* and Application : E. Bury. — Acetylene Mine 

 Lamps-: W. Maurice. 



CONTENTS. PACK 



Books on Chemistry. By C. A. K. . . . . . . 281 



Theophrastus. By E, F, , . . 282 



Our bookshelf 282 



Letters to the Editor:— 



The Origin of Elint.— Sir E. Ray Lankester, 



K.C.B., F.R.S. 283 



Plated Teeth of Sheep.— The Right Hon. Sir 



Herbert Maxwell, Bart., F.R.S. ... 284 



The Stability of Lead Isotopes from Thorium. — 



Prof. J. Joly, F.R.S. 284 



Analysis of the Mechanism of Speech. {Illustrated.) 



By Dr. Daniel Jones 285 



A University Degree in Horticulture .... . 287 



Continuative Education in France. By Cloudesley 



Brereton 288 



Notes 288 



Our Astronomical Column : — 



Parallax of Barnard's " Runaway " Star 293 



Distribution of Stars of Type O 293 



The Minimum Radiation Visually Perceptible . , . 293 



Whalebone Whales of New England. By W. C. M, 293 



Commercial Aeronautics . , . , 294 



The Past Winter. By Chas. Harding . 294 



The Coolidge X-Ray Tube ... , 295 



The Royal Obseivatory, Greenwich 295 



Researches oh Kala-Azar. By Sir Leonard Rogers, 

 F.R.S 



296 



University and Educational Intelligence 299 



Books Received ,, 300 



Diary of Societies y • • 3°° 



Editorial and Publishing Offices : 



MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd., 



ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON, W.C. 2 



Advertisements and business letters to be addressed to the 

 Publishers. 



Editorial Communications to the Editor, 

 Telegraphic Address : Phusis, London, 

 Telephone Number : Gervarv 8830. 



