358 



NATURE 



[July 3, 1919 



in the Atlantic; and this able author's experiences 

 range to the marking of turtles in the West Indies. 

 He also furnished an account of the European, 

 American, and Japanese eels. Finding no racial 

 differences in the common eel, he selected the vivi- 

 parous blenny to illustrate this feature, those in the 

 inner waters of a fjord having a reduced number of 

 vertebrae, and the number of the rays in the breast-fin 

 being increased from the mouth to the inner waters of 

 the fjord. Kramp, again, reported on the eggs and 

 larvae of common fishes collected by the Thor in the 

 Belt Sea. Wingo (1915) regards locality as a factor 

 in determining the value of the rings on the scales 

 of the cod, and is of opinion that there is no great 

 distinction between summer and winter rings, whether 

 the examples come from Danish or Icelandic seas. 

 Struberg (1916), by marking experiments at the 

 Faroes, found that the cod at the end. of the first year 

 were 16 cm. (about 6^ in.) long, at the end of the second 

 year 30-35 cm. (about 12-14 in.), at the end of the 

 third year 15 cm. (6 in.) longer, and the weight 

 doubled and quadrupled ; at the end of the fifth year 

 an increment of only 5-6 cm. took place. The growth 

 in all was distinctly retarded between October and 

 January, but this varied according to locality. The 

 cod remain in the neighbourhood, undergo no great 

 migration, and reach maturity at the fourth year. 



This work of the Danes is an example to the 

 theoretical workers in other countries, since the 

 zoologists were personally in touch with the sea and 

 searched Nature for themselves ; and it would appear 

 that, by the skilful adjustment of the resources of a 

 single nation, more satisfactory advances might be 

 made than by anv other means. Even international 

 co-operation has its limits. 



{To he continued.) 



UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL 

 INTELLIGENCE. 

 Bristol. — With the concurrence of the Society of 

 Merchant Venturers, the council has appointed Major 

 Andrew Robertson to the vacant chair of mechanical 

 engineering. Prof. Robertson was demonstrator in 

 engineering in the University of Manchester from 

 1908 to 1912; Vulcan research fellow, 1912-15; lieu- 

 tenant in the R.N.V.R., 1915, and for some time has 

 been head of the mechanical testing laboratory for 

 the R..A.F. at Farnborough. The present occupant of 

 the chair. Prof. J. Munro, has been granted the title 

 of emeritus professor in mechanical engineering. 



Glasgow. — The following were among the degrees 

 conferred on June 25: — Doctor of Laws (LL.D.): 

 The Very Rev. Principal Sir John Herkless, 

 St. Andrews; Prof. Magnus Maclean, the Royal 

 Technical College, Glasgow; and H. F. Stockdale, 

 director of the Royal Technical College, Glasgow. 

 Doctor of Philosophy {D.Phil.): J. W. Scott— thesis, 

 ■'Recent Philosophy and Recent Social Movements." 

 Doctor of Science {D.Sc): W. M. Alexander — thesis, 

 "A Research in Egyptology: The Ancient Egyptian 

 Canals between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, 

 their Problems for the Sciences of Geology, Geo- 

 graphy, Engineering, and History"; J. M. Campbell 

 — thesis, " Laterite : Its Origin, Structure, and 

 Minerals"; W. J. Goudie — thesis, "Steam Turbines 

 (Text-book for Engineering Students)," with, other 

 papers; I. M. Heilbron— thesis, "A Contribution to 

 the Study of Semi-carbazones : Their Reactions and 

 Spectrographic Examination," with other papers; 

 R. G. A. Holmes — thesis, "Design and Construction 

 of H.M.S. Argus'"; and H. G, Wigg^thesis, "The 

 Balancing of Rotating Bodies." 



NO. 2592, VOL. 103] 



London. — Mr. Thomas Baillie Johnston has been 

 appointed the first incumbent of the University chair 

 of anatomy tenable at Guy's Hospital Medical School. 

 Mr. Johnston received his medical training at the 

 University of Edinburgh, graduating xM.B., Ch.B., 

 with First Class honours. In 1907 he was appointed 

 demonstrator, and in 191 1 lecturer, in anatomy at 

 Edinburgh University. Since 19 14 he has been lec- 

 turer on anatomy at University College, London, and 

 has also acted as superintendent of dissections to the 

 Conjoint Board. 



Dr. Alfred Joseph Clark has been appointed, as 

 from September i, 19 19, to the University chair of 

 pharmacology tenable at University College. Dr. 

 Clark was educated at King's College, Cambridge, 

 and at St. Bartholomew's Hospital; was demonstrator 

 in pharmacology at King's College, 191 1-12; assistant 

 in pharmacology at University College, 1912-13 ; and 

 lecturer in pharmacology at Guy's Hospital, 1913-14. 

 Since December, 1918, he has been professor of 

 pharmacology in the University of Cape Town. 



The following doctorates have been conferred by the 

 Senate : — D.Sc. {Engineering) : Mr. O. S. Sinnatt, an 

 internal student of King's College, for a thesis en- 

 titled " Thermo-dynamics of Metal Bars." D.Sc. in 

 Physics : Mr. F. L. Hopwood, an external student, 

 for a thesis on acoustics. 



The thanks of the Senate have been accorded to 

 Mrs. Row for her donation of loooL for the depart- 

 ment of zoology at King's College in memory of her 

 son, Harold Row, who was lecturer in zoology at the 

 College from 1911-19. The income from this dona- 

 tion is to be devoted to the purposes of a scholarship 

 for the nromotion of zoological research, to be called 

 "The Harold Row Scholarship." 



The svllabuses for the Intermediate Science 

 Examination for external students were approved as 

 alternative syllabuses for the Higher School Examina- 

 tion, and resolutions were passed regarding the award 

 of the higher school certificates. 



Mr. W. Elliott has been appointed principal of 

 the Technical Institute, Rathmines, Dublin, in suc- 

 cession to the late Mr. A. Williamson. 



The U.S. General Education Board has, says 

 Science, made a grant of ioo,oooL towards a fund of 

 40o,oooL to be raised to endow a graduate school of 

 education for Harvard University. The new fund 

 will be named in honour of Dr. Charles W. Eliot, 

 president emeritus of Harvard University. 



Mr. J. B. Robertson, assistant in the chemistry 

 department, Universitv of Edinburgh, has been 

 appointed lecturer in chemistry in the South African 

 School of Mines, Johannesburg. Mr. A. E. Walden, 

 also an assistant in the same department, has been 

 appointed professor of chemistry in the Wilson College, 

 Bombay. 



Two scholarships of the value of t?oI. per annum 

 each, and tenable for three vears, will be offered by 

 the institution of Naval Architects this summer, viz. 

 the Cammell Laird scholarship in naval architecture 

 and the Parsons scholarship in marine engineering. 

 Candidates must be British apprentices in shipyard or 

 marine-engine works, between the ages of nineteen 

 and twentv-five.. Entries close on August ii. Full 

 particulars' can be obtained from the Secretary, 

 Institution of Naval Architects, 5 Adelphi Terrace, 

 London, W.C.2. 



The Gilchrist Trustees offer, through the council 

 of the London (Royal Free Hospital) School of Medi- 

 cine for Women, a special scholarship tenable at the 

 Medical School bv a woman who has served under 

 an organisation directly connected with the war during 

 not less than three years since August, 19 14. The 



