PRIMARY RESULTS 79 



comparison by variations in the matter of rent, and of 

 rates of pay ; in the latter case these points should adjust 

 themselves, for more highly rented land and more highly 

 paid labour should be proportionately more productive, 

 and some interesting and valuable information on these 

 points will be forthcoming when crop-yields are available. 



The suggestion was made by a well-known economist, 

 to whom some of the figures appearing here were shown, 

 that rent should be omitted from the calculations altogether, 

 as not entering strictly into the cost of production. This 

 suggestion has been considered very carefully, but, in order 

 to give effect to it, it would have been necessary to make 

 a valuation of each farm with the object of separating 

 interest on the capital outlay on reclamation and equipment 

 from true v rent, and the result would show in most cases 

 that the farmer pays no ' economic rent ' at all. The subject 

 has been fully discussed already. (See p. 55, ante.) 



The cost of fallows where no root crop is taken is carried 

 forward in its entirety, as an asset, to be written off year, by 

 year through the rotation. 



(b) Mangolds 



The cost of the mangold crop is given on three farms 

 only, and in Table XVI the gross cost is stated. 



The details of gross cost have been arrived at exactly 

 in the same way as in the case of the turnip crop, and call 

 for no further explanation. The calculation of the net cost 

 differs in two particulars. In the first place, no deduction 

 has to be made from the cost of labour in respect of work 

 done to clean land rather than to grow the crop. That 

 mangolds are a cleaning crop is undeniable, but they are 

 not grown as such to the extent that turnip and kindred 

 crops certainly are. The deduction from the gross cost 

 in respect of ' Cleaning Costs ' which appears in the table 

 below represents the proportion of this item carried forward 

 from an earlier fallow, or cleaning crop, to be exhausted 

 amongst the remainder of the crops in the rotation of which 



