88 THE WORLD-ENERGY 



In the same way, also, the extensive term in logic im- 

 plies, though it does not explicitly include, all the charac- 

 teristics of all the special objects included under it. The 

 term "rock" formally excludes all the special characteris- 

 tics, which distinguish granite from sandstone, and either 

 from marble. But since the term "rock" includes all 

 these, there is implicit in it all that belongs to whatever 

 objects it may be applied to. 



The quantity of steam used in propelling a ship in safety 

 from New York to Liverpool would, if developed instanta- 

 neously in its boilers, inevitably shatter the ship to atoms. 

 The quantity might be precisely the same in either case; 

 but in the former it would be predominantly extensive, 

 while in the latter it would be predominantly intensive. 

 In either case the qualitative result depends upon the 

 relation between the extensive and the intensive aspect of 

 the quantity of force in exercise. 



With continued preponderance of attraction, as we 

 have already seen, there is also corresponding increase in 

 the development of qualitative characteristics, from the 

 diffuse, almost qualitiless nebula, to the solid earth, with 

 its intense strain of forces and endless wealth of quali- 

 tative developments. At the beginning of this process of 

 concentration the quantity of matter is indeed mainly 

 extensive, and hence only in the simplest degree special- 

 ized in point of quality. At the very outset, indeed, this 

 extremely diffuse matter is already found to qualitatively 

 distinguish itself into the two opposite but complementary 

 phases of attraction and repulsion. 



Now, extension is itself a universal form of all physical 

 magnitude, while magnitude, as a phase of extended real- 

 ity, is a given quantity of matter, which must necessarily 



