66 TURKEY CULTURE. 



them, not wet meal insufficiently swelled. If the meal 

 swells in their crops, death is almost certain. The best 

 way to feed Indian meal is in the form of corn bread or 

 " Johnny cake." After the young birds are three weeks 

 old, omit the eggs and give meat scraps and ground bone. 

 Clean water or milk must be before them all the time. 

 For runs, the best are three fourteen-inch boards set on 

 edge so as to form a triangle, with the coop in one corne*, 

 or shorter boards over one corner, for shelter from the sun 

 by day and dews by night. Every day or two, move two 

 of these boards so as to form another triangle, Fig. 15, 

 adjacent to the site of the old one. By the time the chicks 

 are old enough to jump over the boards, they may be 

 allowed to wander about with their mother, after the 

 morning dew is off. After that time, three feedings a day 

 are sufficient, and when they are weaned, feeding at 

 morning and night only is enough. With a good range 

 over wheat stubble, which they can have in the Western 

 States and territories, and plenty of grasshoppers, no other 

 feeding is necessary after they are educated to come home 

 to roost. 



Mr Barber writes: " Our turkeys lay and sit in large 

 roomy coops, two and one-half feet long by two feet wide, 

 two feet high in front, with a slope of six inches to the 

 rear ; we keep the turkey hens, with their broods, in a lot, 

 on short grass." 



Instead of cooping brooding turkeys to prevent them 

 from roaming too much, W. P. Lewis, who raises 90 per 

 cent of his hatch, fastens the hen with a cord to a peg 

 in the ground, after the manner cows are tied out to pas- 

 ture. After being pegged down for a few days, the hens 

 are "shingled" so they cannot fly over walls and fences, and 

 are then allowed free range. In "shingling, "or "boarding," 

 turkeys, a thin board or shingle, in which holes are bored, 

 is fastened across the shoulders of the bird by soft cords, 

 tape or strips of cloth. When of the proper shape and the 



