193 



REMARKS. Ik-ntlmm's (loc. dt.) classification is followed in regard to this species. Mueller synony- 

 inises De Canclolle's species under 1'.. stricla, but material of these two species show them to be quite distinct. De 

 Candolle's and Bentham's descriptions very aptly describe the Kangaroo Island Eucalypt; the tree, however, 

 does not appear to occur on the mainland of South Australia. 



ESSENTIAL OIL. Material consisting of the leaves and terminal branch- 

 lets for distillation were collected at the Kingscote end of Kangaroo Island, in 

 the month of June, 1911. This species is the principal one on the island from 

 which Eucalyptus oil is distilled for pharmaceutical purposes. It is one of 

 the "Malices," or shrubby Eucalypts, and is a very common species on Kangaroo 

 Island, where it is known as "Narrow-leaf." 



The species known there as " Peppermint " (E. odorata) seems to be closely 

 related, chemically, to E. cneorifolia, and the oils distilled from these two trees 

 show great resemblances. The principal constituent is cineol, and pinene is 

 only present in comparatively small amount. The high-boiling aldehyde, aroma- 

 dendral, is a characteristic constituent in this oil, even more so than in that of the 

 " Peppermint." The rectified oil of E. cneorifolia was slightly yellow in tint, 

 as is usual with the oils of this group. This colour is due apparently to the 

 influence of the particular phenol present. The product of this species is one of 

 the most pronounced cineol-bearing oils in Kangaroo Island, but requires 

 rectification, so that the aromadendral, sesquiterpene, and other high-boiling 

 constituents may be removed as much as possible. 



The yield of oil was 1-8 per cent., but this may be taken as the minimum 

 yield, the material being collected in midwinter, and from old trees. Tj^e crude 

 oil was orange-brown in tint, and had an odour similar to the cineol-pinene oils 

 of this group, with a secondary one of aromadendral. Volatile aldehydes 

 were present, but phellandrene was absent. 



The crude oil had specific gravity at 15 C. --- 0-9229; rotation a a 3-3; 

 refractive index at 20 = 1-4664, and was soluble in i|- volumes 70 per cent, 

 alcohol. The laevo-rotation of this oil is largely due to the aromadendral. 



On rectification, a few drops of acid water with some aldehydes came 

 over below 174 C. (corr.). Between 174-185, 81 per cent, distilled; between 

 185-220, 9 per cent, came over, and between 220-237, 5 per cent, distilled. 

 These fractions gave the following results : 



First fraction, sp. gr. at 15 C. = 0-9166; rotation D - - 1-1; refractive 



index at 20 = 1-4632. 

 Second = 0-9172; rotation a D - - 4-1; refractive 



index at 20 1-4678. 



Third ,, ,, ,, = 0-9291; rotation a D -- 16-2; refractive 



index at 20 = 1-4866. 



The high Isvo-rotation of the third fraction was due to the aromadendral. 

 The cineol was determined by the resorcinol method in the fractionated oil ; when 

 calculated for the crude oil the result was 87 per cent. By the phosphoric acid 

 method it was 62 per cent. The saponification number for the esters and free acid 

 was 7-4. (See further analysis under "Quantitative determination of cineol.") 



In the year 1901, Messrs. Faulding & Co., of Adelaide, South Australia, 

 forwarded to us a quantity of the oil of this species which had been distilled in 

 Kangaroo Island. The results of the investigation on that sample were published 

 in the first edition of this work. The oil resembled in every way the product 

 we distilled from leaves forwarded to us, the analysis of which is recorded above. 



The crude oil had specific gravity at 15 C. -- 0-9287; rotation a D 5-4; 

 refractive index at 20 = 1-4690, and was soluble in ij volumes 70 per cent, 

 alcohol. The saponification number for the esters and free acid was 16. 



