The above results were such that it was thought advisable to carry the 

 experiments further. A tank was specially prepared for us by the Company, 

 and the oil distilling during the several hours kept separate. The oil was distilled 

 in April, 1899. The weight of leaves taken, collected as for commercial oil distil- 

 lation, was 320 Ibs. The weight of the whole oil obtained was n| Ibs., equal to 

 3-5 per cent. Of this 8 Ibs. came over during the first hour = 71 per cent. ; 

 2 Ibs. during the second hour = 18 per cent. ; 12 ozs. during the third hour = 7 

 per cent., and 7 ozs. during the fourth hour = 4 per cent. 



The greater portion of the cineol came over during the first hour, the oil 

 collected during that period containing moie than 30 per cent, of that constituent. 

 The second hour oil contained considerably less cineol, and had a secondary 

 odour suggesting citral. Only a very small quantity. of cineol was found in the 

 third-hour oil, and it could hardly be detected in the fourth-hour oil. 



In June, 1899, a second investigation was undertaken, 400 Ibs. of leaves 

 and terminal branchlets being distilled, from which 14 Ibs. of oil were obtained, 

 equal to 3-5 per cent. Of this 9 Ibs. came over during the first hour = 64 per 

 cent. ; 3^ Ibs. during the second hour = 25 per cent. ; i Ib. during the third 

 hour = 7 per cent., and 8 ozs. during the fourth hour = 4 per cent. 



The greater portion of the cineol in the oil came over during the first hour ; 

 a considerably less amount during the second hour; a very small quantity 

 during the third hour, and only a trace could be detected in the fourth hour oil. 



Other determinations were made in June and July of the same year, but 

 as the results were quite concordant, it is unnecessary to tabulate the figures. 



The above investigations resulted eventually in the oil of E. Australians 

 being distilled commercially in this way, and the " first-hour oil '" from that 

 species was placed on the market as such, and sold as a first-class pharmaceutical 

 Eucalyptus oil, the product which came over later being utilised for other purposes. 

 (See under that species in this work.) 



It was thus shown that by collecting apart the product distilling during 

 the first hour, the greater portion of the cineol in the oil was obtained in this way. 

 It was possible to stili further enrich it by fractionation, collecting apart the 

 portion distilling below 175 C. (uncorr.), discarding the fraction containing the 

 volatile aldehydes. The product obtained in this way from the mixed first and 

 second hour oils gave the following results : Specific gravity = 0-896 ; optical 

 rotation a - - 10-4 ; cineol = 43 per cent. (O.M.). 



The oil as thus obtained was water-white, of a pleasant aromatic odour, 

 and although containing phellandrene, yet that constituent was not present 

 in excessive amount. It is thus seen that the oil from this Eucalypt is distinctly 

 different from that obtainable from either E. dives or E. radiata, which species 

 supplied much of the oil sent to Europe at one time under the name of E. 



amygdalina. 



We visited one of the districts of this State, where Eucalyptus oil was, at 

 that time (1899) distilled, and saw evidences that the material being worked 

 in that locality was obtained principally from E. dives, some from E. radiata, as 

 well as from the present species. Large quantities of the " suckers " of E. dives 

 were growing up in all directions, and were springing from the stumps of the trees 

 that had been originally cut down for Eucalyptus oil distillation. Much of this 

 oil was forwarded to Europe as the product of E. amygdalina. At that time E. 

 dives, E. radiata, and others that are now recognised as distinct species, were all 

 classified by some botanists as varieties of the one species (E. amygdalina}, 

 and it appeared difficult to discriminate between them by the then recognised 

 methods of classification. The chemical investigation of their several products 

 had not at that time been separately carried out, so that this aid towards correct 



