44 LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA 



Geographical distribution of species. — Madagascar. 



Laiva unknovvii. 

 I. B, iospilu, Meyrick, Exot. Miciolep. Vul. i, [>. i3 (1912). Madagascar. 



50. Genus CNEPHASIA, Curtis 



Cnephasia. Curtis, Brit. Ent. VoL 3. p. 100 (1826). — Type : C. pascuana, Hiibner. 

 Ablabia. Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 383 (1826). — Type : C. osseatia, Scopoli. 

 Nephodesme. Hiibnei, ibidem, p. Sgo ( 1826). — Type : C. penziana, Thunberg. 

 Sciaphila. Treitschke, Schmett. Eur. VoL 7, p. 233 (1829). — Type : C. wahlbomiaiia, Linnjeus. 

 Argyroptera. Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lep. VoL 9, p. 24 (1834). — Type : C. argenlana, Clerck. 

 Trachysmia. Cjuenee, Eur. Micr. Ind. p. 30(1845). — Type : C. rigaua, .SodotTsky. 

 Sphaleroptera. duenee, ibidem, p. 33(1845). — Type : C. alpicolaiia. Hiibner. 



Dipterina. Meyrick, Proc. Linn. Soc. .N. S. Wales. \'oL 6, p. 5^3 (i88i). — Type : C. imbriferana. 

 Me3'rick. 



Characters. — .•\ntenna; in ^f in(;deratel\- or strongly ciliated. Palpi modeiate or long, 

 porrected, secondjoint with projecting scales above and beneath, terminal joint moderate. Thorax 

 sometimes with small crest. Foiewings without costal fold, 3 froin angle, 7 separate, to apex ortermen. 

 Hindwings without basal pecten ; 3 and 4 connate, 5 approximated to 4, 6 and 7 stalked. 



Remartcs. — Correlated with Tortrix and Eiilia; some of the South American forins nearly 

 approach the latter, and are probably primitive in character. Some species have sliglit scaletufts on the 

 surface of forewings. 



Geographical distribution of species. — Nearly cosmopolilan, and probably fairl\' evenl}' 

 distributed ; most of the rather numerous Palaearctic species constitute a closely allied group of evidently 

 recent development. No indian species are yet known ; some of the European and Australian species of 

 the cinctaiia group are however quite closely allied together, but the geographical connection might talce 

 place by way c)f Siberia, Japan, and the Phiiippines. The original home of the genus seens to be South 

 America. 



r^arva feeding in roUed or spun leaves. 



Foodplants very various and usualh' indiscriminate, but generally low plants. seldom shrubs or 

 trees. 



1. C. osseana. Scopoli, Ent. Carn. p. 238 (1763) N. & C. Europe, Siberia, 



priUami. Hiiliner. Samml. Eur. Schmett. f. 227, 228 (1818). Labrador. 



qnadripunctana, Wood. Ind. Ent. f. 996 (1829). 



boreana, Zett«rstedt, Ins. Lap]). p. 980 (1840). 



niveosaiia, Packard, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. Vol. 1 1, p. 55 (1866). 



slelviaiia. Millifere, Icon. Descr. Lep Vol. 4, p. 434, pl. i53, f. 11-14 (1874). 



2. C. drgeniana, Clerck, Icon. Ins. pl. 11, f. 14 (1759). Europe, C. Asia, Japan, 



gouana, Linnaeiis, Syst. Nat.Vol. i, p. 879 (1767). N. America. 



margaritalis. Hiibner, Samml. Eur. Sciimett. Pyr. f. 48 (1796). 

 magnana. Hiibner, ibidem, Tort. f. 22S, 226 (1818). 

 georgiella, Hulst. Ent. .\mer. Vol. 3, p. 136(1887). 



3. C. longana, Haworth, Lep. Brit. p. 463 (1811). C. &S. Europe, Asia Minor. 



«c/mfaMrt, Haworth, ibidem. p. 469 (1811). 

 loewiana, Zeller, Isis. p. 25 (1847). 

 stralana. Zeller, ibidem, j). 671 (1847). 



insolatana. Herrich-Schaffer, Schmett. Eur. Vol. 4, p. 178, f. i52i 18491. 

 luridalbana, Herrich-Schiiffer. ibidem, f. i53 (1849;. 

 } gratana. De 1a Harpe, Conlr. Faiin. Sic. p. 393 (1860). 



