130 ELEMENTARY PHYSIOLOGY i.ess. 



strengthened by a series of cartilaginous hoops, which 

 hoops are incomplete behind, their ends being united 



Fio. 87.— A Section of the Mouth and Nose taken vertically, a 



LITTLE TO THE LErf OF THE MlDDLE LlNE. 



a, the vertebral column ; 6, the gullet ; c, the wind-pipe ; d, the 

 thyroid cartilage of the larynx ; ■', tho epiglottis; /, the uvula; g, the 

 opening of the left Eustachian tube ; h, the opening of the left lachrymal 

 duct; !, the hyoid bone; k, the tongue; I, the hard palate; m, n, the 

 base of the skull ; o, p, q, the superior, middle, and inferior turbinal 

 bones. The lettei*s g, f, e, are placed in the pharynx. 



only by muscle and membrane, where the trachea comes 

 into contact with the cesophagus, or gullet. The trachea 

 passes into the thorax, and there divides into two branches, 



