May 4, 1893] 



NA TURE 



water Waves resulting from a Limited Original Disturbance," 

 and "On the small Wave-Motions of a Heterogeneous Fluid 

 under Gravity" (Proc. Lond. Math. Soc, vol. xx.) ; "On 

 Functions determined by their Discontinuities and by a Certain 

 Form of Boundary Condition,' and " On a Certain Riemann's 

 Surface" (ibid., vol. xxii.) ; "On a Class of Automorphic 

 Functions," with a "Further Note," and "On the Forms of 

 Hyperelliptic Integrals of the First Class, which are Expressible 

 as the Sum of Two Elliptic Integrals" (ibid., vol. xxiii.) ; 

 "The Elliplic Functions of J K., &c. ;" "Centre of Pressure 

 of a Plane Polygon" (Messenger of Math., vol. xii.) ; "On 

 Certain Spherical Harmonics" (ibid., vol. xiv.) ; "On the 

 Trisection of the Period for Weierstrass's Elliptic Functions " 

 (ibid., vol. xvi.); "On the Potential of an Elliptic Cylinder " 

 (ibid., xviii.) ; "Geometrical Interpretation of a Condition of 

 Integrability ; " "The Lines of Zero Length on a Surface as 

 Curvilinear Co-ordinates ; " " On the Propagation of Energy in 

 the Electro-Magnetic Field" (ibid., vol. xix.); "On the 

 Addition-Theorem for Hyperbolic Functions ; " " On a Case 

 of Streaming Motion ; " "A Property of Linear Substitutions ; " 

 "A Property of Plane Isothermal Curves;" "On the Dif- 

 ferential Equation of Confocal Sphero-Conics" (ibid., vol. xx.) ; 

 " On the Jacobian of Two Quadratics and a System of Linear 

 Equations," "On the Form of Closed Curves of the Third 

 Class;" "On Linear Transformations of the Elliptic Dif- 

 ferential" (ibid., vol. xxi.) ; "On the Division of the Elliptic 

 Periods by 9" (ibid., vol. xxii.) ; " On the Partition of Energy 

 Between the Translatory and Rotational Motions of a Set of 

 Now Homogeneous Spheres" (E lin. Trans., 1888); "On a 

 Simplified Proof of Maxwell's Theorem (in the Kinetic Theory 

 of Gases) " ( Edin. Proc. , 1887) ; " On the Theory of Functions " 

 (Camb. Phil. Proc, vol. vii.). 



Wyndham R. Dunstan, M.A., 



Professor of Chemistry to, and Director of the Research 

 Laboratory of, the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. 

 Lecturer on Chemistry in the Medical School, St. Thomas's 

 Hospital. Author of numerous papers on Chemistry and 

 Chemical Pharmacology, e.g. : — "The Action of Alkalis on the 

 Nitroparaffins " ; "The Physiological Action of the Paraffinic 

 Nitrites" (Proc. Roy. Soc, 1891 — the first of a series of 

 papers in conjunction with Prof Cash, F.R.S.) ; "Contri- 

 butions to our Knowledge of the Aconite Alkaloids" ; "The 

 Occurrence of Skatole in the Vegetable Kingdom"; "The 

 Constituents of the Artificial Salicylic Acid of Commerce and 

 a method of producing the pure acid for medicinal use." Dis- 

 tinguished as an Investigator, and for the interest which he has 

 taken in Educational Questions. 



William Ellis, 



F.R.A.S., F.R. Met. Soc, Memb. Inst. Elect. Eng., late 

 President of Roy. Meteorol. Soc, Superintendent of the 

 Magnetical and Meteorological Department, Royal Observatory, 

 Greenwich. Connected with the Royal Observatory since 1841, 

 and since 1875 has been Superintendent of t' ; Magnetical and 

 Meteorological Department. For eighteen years previously, in 

 addition to astronomical work, had charge of the Chronometer 

 and Time Signal Department. First showed how completely 

 the long series of Greenwich magnetic observations confirmed 

 the existence of sympathetic variation between solar spots and 

 terrestrial magnetism, for horizontal force as well as for declina- 

 tion. Among other works, carried out, on the English side, 

 the whole of the operations in the telegraphic determination of 

 the longitude of Cairo, in which a submarine' line of about 

 3000 miles in length was used in an unbroken circuit. His 

 discussion of these operations is given in the British " .Vccount 

 of the Observations of the Transit of Venus, 1874." Applied 

 the principle of the galvanic regulation of clocks to the regula- 

 tion of a chronometer. Was formerly Observer in Durham 

 University Observatory, his astronomical work during this time 

 being published in the Astronomische Nachrichten, vols, xxxv., 

 xxxvi., and xxxvii. Is the author of a paper in \.he Phil. Trans. 

 " On the Relation between the Diurnal Range of Magnetic 

 Declination and Horizontal Force, as observed at the Royal 

 Observatory, Greenwich, 1841 to 1877, and the Period of Solar 

 Spot Frequency." Also of papers in the Memoirs and Monthly 

 Notices of the Roy. Astron. Soc, the Quart. Journ. Roy. 

 Afeleorol. Soc, and other scientific journals. 



NO. 1227, VOL, 48] 



J. COSSAR EWART, M.D., 

 Professor of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh . 

 An original investigator in various departments of Zoology and 

 Comparative Anatomy. Author of valuable biological memoirs 

 communicated to the Royal Society and to various scientific 

 journals, his researches on the Locomotive System of the 

 Echinodermata having been selected by the Council of the 

 Royal Society as the subject of the Croonian Lecture of 1881. 

 He was appointed in 1878 to the Chair of Natural History in 

 the University of Aberdeen, and, subsequently, to the corre- 

 sponding chair in the University of Edinburgh. This last 

 post he now fills. He is a member of the Fishery Board of 

 Scotland, and is at present engaged under the co-operation of 

 the Board in important observations and experiments on the 

 Natural History of the Herring. Author of: — "The Develop- 

 ment of the Electric Organ of Raia batis" ; "The Structure 

 of the Electric Organ of Kaia circularis" ; "The Electric 

 Organ oi Kaia radiata" (Phil. Trans., 1889) ; "The Structure, 

 Relations, Progressive Development and Growth of the Electric 

 Organ of the Skate" (ibid., 1892; "The Cranial Nerves of 

 Elasmobranch Fishes" (Trans. Roy. Soc, Edin.). 



William Tennant Gairdner, M.D. (Edin.), 

 Hon. LL.D. (Edin.). F.R.C.P. (Edin.). Hon. M.D. 

 (Dublin). F.K.Q.C.P. (Ireland), Physician in Ordinary to 

 H.M. the Queen in Scotland. Professor of Medicine in the 

 University of Glasgow. Since his graduation, in 1845, has 

 made numerous contributions to the science of Medicine, more 

 especially in the departments of Pathology, Public Health and 

 Hygiene, and Clinical Medicine. He is generally recognised as 

 one of the foremost physicians of his lime, and his status in the 

 profession is indicated by the fact that he has acted as President 

 of the British Medical Association. For several years he acted 

 as the first Medical Officer of Health for the city of Glasgow, 

 and it is well known that the measures he then initiated for 

 securing the health of the community soon materially lowered 

 the death rate of the city, and have been largely adopted both 

 at home and abroad. Dr. Gairdner has held the chair of 

 Medicine in the University of Glasgow for thirty years, and he 

 is distinguished as a teacher as well as an investigator into the 

 phenomena of disease. Dr. Gairdner has published the follow- 

 ing works: — (i) "Contributions to the Pathology of the 

 Kidney" (1848); (2) " Patholojical Anatomy of Bronchitis 

 and on Bronchial Obstruction" (1850); (3) "Pathology of 

 Pericarditis" (i860); (4) "Clinical Medicine" (1862); (5) 

 "Public Health in Relation to Air and Water" (1862); 



(6) "Alcoholic Stimulants in Treatment of Fever" (1864); 



(7) " Study of Fever in Glasgow" (1865) ; (8) " On Articulate 

 Speech and Aphasia" (1866) ; (9) "On Antipyretic Treatment 

 of Specific Fever" (1878); (10) "Clinical Lectures " (1877) j 

 (11) "Angina Pectoris" in Reynolds's " System of Medicine" 

 (1877) ; (12) "On the Physiognomy of Disease in Finlayson's 

 Clinical Manual" (1878); (13) "On Insanity" (Morisonian 

 Lectures, 1885) ; (14) " The Physician as a Naturalist " (1888) ; 

 and many papers in medical journals, and in the transactions of 

 pathological and medical societies. 



Ernest William Hobson, 

 D.Sc (Cantab.). Fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge, 

 and University Lecturer. Author of the following memoirs, 

 paper and book : — " On a Class of Spherical Harmonics of 

 Complex Degree with Applications to Physical Problems" 

 (Trans. Camb. Phil. Soc, vol. xiv.); "Synthetical Solutions 

 in the Conduction of Heat " (Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. , vol. xix. ) ; 

 "Systems of Spherical Harmonics" (ibid., vol. xxii.); "On 

 Harmonic Functions for the Elliptic Cone " (ibid., vol. xxiii.) ; 

 " On a Radiation Problem " (Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc, vol. vi.) ; 

 " On a Theorem in Differentiation and its Application to 

 Spherical Harmonics" (read before the Lond. Math. Soc, and 

 in the press) ; " On the Evaluation of a Certain Surface-Integral 

 and its Application to the Expansion of the Potential of 

 Ellipsoids "(read before the Lond. Math. Soc.) ; " On Fourier's 

 Theorem" (Messenger of Math., vol. xi.). Author of the 

 article " Trigonometry," in the " Encyclopaedia Britannica," 

 Author of a treatise on "Trigonometry," including many of 

 the higher developments. 



Sir Henry Hoyle Howorth, 

 Barrister-at-Law. Author of " A History of the Mongols, 

 4 vols., 1876-87; "The History of Chenghiz Khan and his 



