214 



Popular Science Monthly 



H 



Beating the Coal Dealer with 

 Paper "Coal." 



OW to save one-half 



I 



utilize the accumulations 

 of waste around the house 

 is suggested in the use of 

 a simple press which con- 

 verts waste paper, news- 

 paper, letters, torn wrap- 

 ping paper, old card- 

 board, old cord, rope or 

 anything else that is com- 

 bustible, into compressed 

 bricks for burning in the 

 stove or range. 

 When used 

 in 'jombina- 

 tion with coal, 

 the paper 

 bricks make a 

 very hot fire. 



Rags and 

 all burnable 

 waste are first 

 dropped into 

 a pail of water. 

 When they are thoroughly soaked, they 

 are taken out of the water and stuflft i 

 into the cylinder of the 

 press. The wheel is y^ 

 then turned, forcing a 

 piston against the wet 

 waste, and crushing the 

 mass into a compact 

 form. The brick is 

 then removed from the 

 press and set in the sun 

 to dry, after which it is 

 ready to be used. 



The dry paper bricks 

 may be boiled in paraf- 

 fin and used as candles 

 in the trenches. Strips 

 of newspaper rolled up 

 tightly into cylindrical 

 form and then boiled 

 in paraffin have al- 

 ready given much sat- 

 isfaction as trench 

 candles. Since the 

 bricks are larger and 

 more compactly press- 

 ed, they will burn much 

 longer than the paper- 

 strip candles. 



The four mighty streams of water 

 with which New York fights fires 



The High Pressure System Applied 

 to the New York Fire Department 



N the accompanying 

 photograph may be 

 seen four streams of wa- 

 ter being played on an 

 imaginary fire in New 

 York city. The stream 

 nearest the ground is 

 from a low pressure hy- 

 drant, the maximum 

 pressure being only eighty 

 pounds. The stream next 

 above it is from a fire 

 engine. In this 

 case the pressure 

 may be as high 

 as from three 

 hundred to four 

 hundred and fifty 

 pounds, which is 

 sufficient to dis- 

 charge from sev- 

 en to nine hun- 

 dred gallons of 

 water a minute. 

 Two high pres- 

 sure streams are shown, one delivered from 

 a deck pipe and the other from a water 

 tower. The deck pipe 

 ~ ~ "^ stream, operating at a 



\ pressure of one hun- 

 dred and seventy-five 

 pounds, delivers one 

 thousand, five hundred 

 and ninety gallons of 

 water a minute. The 

 water tower, operating 

 at one hundred and 

 fifty pounds, delivers 

 one thousand, four hun- 

 dred and seventeen gal- 

 lons of water a minute. 

 A water tower delivers 

 water to the fifteenth 

 floor, a deck pipe to the 

 eighth floor, and a gas- 

 oline pumping engine 

 has delivered working 

 pressure at the fifty- 

 sixth floor of the Wool- 

 worth Building. There 

 are twenty-three hun- 

 dred high pressure hy- 

 drants in New York 

 city. 



