266 



Popular Science Monthly 



Keeping the Radiator Water Warm 

 During Freezing Weather 



ANEW electric arrangement for pre- 

 venting the water in automobile 

 radiators from freezing, has been invented 

 by Philip Apfel. 

 An electric-heating 

 element is attached 

 to the radiator by- 

 pass under the 

 hood. The inser- 

 tion of a plug con- 

 nected with any 

 lamp socket, in- 

 sures the supply of 

 current. A thermo- 

 stat in the circuit 

 turns on the cur- 

 rent when the 

 temperature falls 

 below the freezing 

 point. Should the 

 heating plant of 

 the garage go out 

 during the night, 

 your radiator water 

 would be warm 

 in the morning. In 

 fact, you could ad- 

 just the thermostat 

 to keep the water 

 at sixty degrees, 

 so as always to be 

 able to start the 

 engine at once. 



The electric heater warms up the radiator 

 whereupon the water begins to circulate 



Ventilating a Huge Building 

 Covering Forty Acres 



MANUFACTURERS are realizing, as 

 never before, that light and air have 

 a profound physical influence on the 

 working man. Accordingly, old factory 

 buildings, generally poorly ventilated, and 

 practically windowless, are being sup- 

 planted by the modern building with 



glass top and sides. The accompanying 

 illustration gives a vivid idea of the new 

 light and air principle of construction. 



Covering forty acres, this giant building 

 is as perfectly ventilated and lighted as if 

 it had no walls or roof. The central por- 

 tion of the roof is 

 inverted like two 

 great wings, whose 

 slope deflects 

 heated air to the 

 outlets. The air 

 comes in through 

 low intakes and 

 goes out through 

 raised outlets in a 

 way that causes 

 natural changes. 

 Chilling down- 

 drafts are pre- 

 vented by the truss 

 roofs which force 

 the ascending cur- 

 rents strongly to- 

 ward the outlets. 

 Forced ventilation 

 is not resorted to 

 unless a building is 

 so huge that the 

 ordinary methods 

 of natural ventila- 

 tions can not be 

 successfully ap- 

 plied. 



In the new sys- 

 tem, light is abun- 

 dantly and evenly 

 diffused. There are no dark corners any- 

 where about the premises. The under 

 sides of the inverted roof are painted 

 white, thereby utilizing by reflection, light 

 which is lost with the ordinary roof design. 

 This system was first designed for foun- 

 dries and forge shops. The escape of heat 

 is hastened by locating the cupolas, molds, 

 furnaces and rolls under the outlets, so 

 that heated air and gases go straight out. 



1 ... 1, ,, in. ,11; 1 ill < I i,l< 1 iulinil li^;lit ;iinl ;iir, ;inil two (itlu I s admit li<;lil ami di: 

 This arranticincnt prevents any chilling down-dralts and insures a natural change oi air 



