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Popular Science Montlily 



and the blank is formed up as required. 



The inclination of the slant determines 

 the diameter of the rolled part. Even 

 with the small portion of material wasted, 

 the saving of time in making the parts 

 makes this way an improvement on the 

 old method of cutting them from ribbon 

 stock and forming them in two opera- 

 tions. — S. B. Royal. 



A Wood Mold for Casting Minia- 

 ture Car Wheels 



TO make a number of cars with which 

 to equip a miniature railway, many 

 wheels just alike will be required. To 

 cast these from metals of low melting 

 temperatures in 

 sand molds, it is 

 necessary to 

 make a great 

 many of them. 

 If care is not 

 taken they will 

 come out rough 

 and will need 

 more work to 

 prepare them for 

 use on the cars. 

 The mold illus- 

 trated is one that 

 can be used over 

 and over again. 

 It makes castings 

 all alike and 

 turns them out 

 nicely finished, 

 ready to assemble. The mold is turned 

 in a close-grained piece of hardwood; in 

 the end grain. Two pieces are necessary 

 and the drag or bottom part should be 

 turned with a ledge, and the cope or 

 upper part should be turned to fit in it as 

 shown at the parting line. These surfaces, 

 when turned at the same time that the 

 mold is made, will cause a perfect match- 

 ing of the parts for each pouring of the 

 metal. 



The gate should be turned tapering so 

 that the larger part will be at the casting. 

 This will make it easy for the piece to 

 be removed when it cools. Spokes may 

 be formed by placing small blocks, cut to 

 the right shafje, in the web of the mold. 

 A number of castings can be quickly 

 made in this mold from babbit metal. As 

 the hole for the hub is made when the 



Mold of wood to cast 

 wheels of babbitt metal 



wheel is cast, it only has to be reamed out 

 in order to fit the axle. The draft given 

 to the mold forms the right skpe to the 

 wheel surface for rolling on the track. 

 — Henry Wedde. 



Compasses Made Into a Combination 

 Drawing Tool 



PERSONS who do considerable draw- 

 ing or lettering, sooner or later find 

 the so called railroad pen and railroad 

 pencil an absolute necessity. These are 

 expensive tools, however, and an excellent 

 substitute may be produced cheaply. 



Procure two of the compasses such as 

 are here shown and use one pair complete. 

 Pull the points out of the other compass 

 and lay the body away for future use in 

 case of breakage. The points are the 

 only part of the extra pair needed. With 



Making five different com- 

 binations with one compass 



the 'se of one pair of 

 compt^sses and the four 

 points, five different com- 

 binations are available. 

 You can have a railroad 

 pen, a railroad pencil, 

 dividers, and pen compass and i)encil 

 compass as shown in the illustrations. 

 V^ery neat work may be done with this 

 instrument. — Albert E. Jones. 



