FARM MANURES 



41 



away tog-ether with more or less of the manure itself. Leaching 

 is one of the most important subjects to consider in the care and 

 preservation of manure because it is the source of one of the 

 greatest losses in this valuable product. Experiments have been 

 conducted to show the great losses that occur by leaching. Horse 



Fig-. 1. -The mam 



from live-stock should be carefully saved. 



manure suffers larger losses than mixed horse and cow manure, 

 or cow manure. "*' 



Fermentations. — There are certain bacteria that produce fer- 

 mentations in manure piles and liberate nitrogen as gas causing 

 large losses in manure. These fermentations are brought about 

 by two classes of organisms ; aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bac- 

 teria. 



I. The aerobic bacteria require oxygen to be active and the 

 anaerobic bacteria are only active in the absence of oxygen. On 

 the outside of manure heaps where air circulates, the aerobic 

 bacteria work while in the interior of the heaps where no air 



