291 



(A) Hoti'mann and Ihiie have published a special list of plants 

 selected by them as a result of many years' experience in Europe. The 

 following calendar, copied from the appeal for " phenological obser- 

 vations," contained in their '' Beitrage, 1884," shows the names of 

 the plants and the approximate date in. Europe of the phenomena 

 that they wjsh to have observed. Corresponding observations in 

 America are desirable and should be communicated either to tliem 

 directly or to the journals of botan3% climatology, or general science, 

 or to the botanist of the Department of Agriculture. 



CALENDAR FOR PHENOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 



Instructions. — Plants should be examined daily. The object is to 

 obtain for individual stations average data characteristic of the cli- 

 mate; therefore plants that are known to be exceptionally early or 

 late, and those that are forced by special treatment, or those that are 

 artificially trained on walls are not to be considered. It is not neces- 

 sary to confine the observations to the same plant year after year, 

 but to those individuals that represent the average conditions of the 

 plant in nature. 



For brevity the following notation may be used : 



(P) Pollen disseminated {Pollen effunditur. Linne). 



(1) Leaf, or the first visible surfaces of the leaves, or beginning of 

 the leafing out or of the foliage {frondescentia : prima folia expli- 

 cantur lAnxiQ ; erste Blattoher-fldche Hoffmann; feuiUaixon Quetelet). 



(F) Full foliage: All leaves have appeared {folatio perf. Linne; 

 allgemeine Blatt Hoffmann). 



(2). Flower, or the first opening of the flower buds {e-fflorescentia : 

 primi fores ostenduntur Linne; erste Bliithe off en Hoffmann; fiorai- 

 son Quetelet). 



(3) Ripe fruit {Prima fructas matura; haccm definite coloratm 

 Linne; erste Frucht reif Hoffmann; maturation des fruits Quetelet). 



(H) Harvest, or first date of cutting cereals {Ernte Anfang Hoff- 

 mann: Messis initium Linne). 



(4) Leaves color or fall {foliorum pars major decolorata Linne) ; 

 allgemeine Lanhrerfarhung Hoffmann; rolhtdndlge Entlauhung 

 Karl Fritsch ; Effeuillaison^ chute des feuilles Quetelet) . 



