268 VERBENACEiE. [Ferbena. 



celled. Ovules erect. Fruit dry, euclosed in the calyx, separating into 4 

 1 -seeded nuts. — Herbs, or rarely shrubs. Flowers small, alternate, in temii- 

 nal spikes. 



A genus comprising numerous American species, with only two natives of the warmer or 

 temperate regions of the Old World. 



1. V. officinalis, Lirm. ; 8chau. in DC. Prod. xi. 547. An erect per- 

 ennial, 1 to 2 ft. hig-h, with long spreading wiry branches, nearly glabrous, 

 or pubescent, especially on the under side of the leaves. Lower leaves obovate 

 or oblong, stalked, and coarsely toothed or cut, upper ones either deeply pin- 

 natifid and lobed or toothed, or small and lanceolate. Flowers very small, in 

 long slender spikes, the low^er on(3s becoming distant as the spike lengthens, 

 each one sessile in the axil of a small bract. 



On roadsides and in waste places, Chaminon, Hance. Widely spread over Europe and 

 temperate Asia, and (perhaps introduced) in America and South Africa, more rare within the 

 tropics. 



2. LANTANA, Linn. 



Calyx small and thin, truncate or sinuately toothed. Corolla-tube slender ; 

 the limb spreading, 4- or 5 -lobed, nearly regular or slightly 2 -lipped. Sta- 

 mens 4, included in the tube. Ovary 2-celled. Ovides erect. Fruit a di-upe, 

 the kernel 2-celled or dividing into 2-seeded nuts. — Shrubs or rarely herbs. 

 Flowers in peduncidate axillary heads, rarely lengthening into spikes. 



A considerable genus, chiefly from tropical or subtropical America, with 2 or 3 Asiatic or 

 Afi'ican species. 



1. Ii. Camara, Limi. ; Schau. in DC. Prod.':d. 598. A tall shnib, with 

 long weak branches, often armed wdth short recurved prickles, and more or 

 less hairy. Leaves stalked, ovate or slightly cordate, crenate, 2 to 3 in. long, 

 wrinkled and very rough wdth short stiff hairs. Flowers yellow or orange, 

 turning to a deep red ; the heads not lengthening into spikes. Bracts linear- 

 lanceolate, shorter than the corolla. Corolla-tube 3 to 4 lines long, lobes of 

 the limb short and broad. — L. creunlata, Otto and Dietr., and probably some 

 others enumerated by Schauer in DC. Prod. xi. 597 and 598. 



A common species in tropical America, frequently cultivated for ornament, and, escaping 

 from gardens, now naturalized in the Happy Valley, Wilford, Wright. 



3. CARYOPTERIS, Bunge. 



Calyx 5 -toothed or lobed. Corolla-tube short ; the limb spreading, 5 -lobed ; 

 the 4 upper lobes nearly equal ; the lowest large, concave, and usually fringed. 

 Stamens 4, exserted. Ovary 4-cellfcd, o\T,des pendulous or laterally attached. 

 Style with 2 subulate stigmatic lobes. Fruit separating into 4 dry nuts, Avith 

 thin acute or winged edges. — Herbs or undershrubs. Flowers in compact 

 opposite cymes ; the upper ones forming a naiTow terminal thyrsus. 



A small genus, limited to central and eastern Asia. 



1. C. mastacanthus, Schau. lii DC. Prod. xi. 625. An erect softly- 

 pubescent or tomentose perennial or undershrub, 1^ to 2 ft. high. Leaves 

 ovate or oblong, 1 to 2 or rarely 3 in. long, soft, coarsely toothed. Flowers 

 blue (or white according to lioureii-o). Lower lobe of the corolla deeply 



