Engelhardtia.'] juglande^e. 319 



perfect state for identification as to species. It may possibly be a variety of E. WaUlcldana, 

 Liudl., a Silhet species, with glabrous leaves and fruits, but iu our specimen the Icallets are 

 more numerous and narrower, and the fruiting bracts smaller and thiuer. The di-upes have 

 fallen away. 



Order XCYI. AMENTACE^. 



Flowers unisexual. Male flowers in catkins. Stamens 2 or more, either 

 within 1 or 3 scales, or surrounded by several scales, sometimes forming a pe- 

 rianth of 5 or 6 segments. Female flowers either solitary, or 3 or 3 together 

 within 1 or 3 scales, in catkins or heads, or surrounded by several empty 

 scales. Perianth none, or closely combined with the ovaiy, with a minute, 

 free, entire, or toothed border. Ovary 1 -celled or several-celled, with 2 or 

 more styles, always resulting in a 1 -celled fruit, which is either a 1 -seeded nut, 

 or a several-seeded capsule opening in 2 valves. Seeds without albumen. — 

 Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, usually with stipules. Flowers small. 

 Catkin-scales usually persistent under or round the fruit. 



A considerable Order, widely distributed over the globe, but chiefly in the temperate re- 

 gions of both hemispheres, or in mountainous districts within the tropics. 



Stamens 6 to 12, surrounded by an almost regular perianth of 5 or 6 scales. 

 Female flowers in an involucre of many imbricate scales. 

 Nut completely enclosed iu a very prickly involucre or openhig in valves 1. Castaxea, 

 Nut either surrounded by a cup-shaped involucre, or enclosed iu an in- 

 volucre not prickly and bursting irregularly 2. Quekcus. 



Stamens 2 to 8, within i or few scales. Female flowers 1 or 2 under each 



scale. Nut resinous or drupe-like 3. Mvrica. 



1. CASTANEA, Tcurn. 



Flowers and habit of Qaercus. Fruiting involucre completely enclosing the 

 nut, covered with stout, often branched prickles, and opening in valves when 

 ripe. 



A small genus, dispersed over eastern and central Asia, S. Europe, and N. "VV, America. 



1. C. concinna, Clmmp. in Kew Joiirn. Bot. vi. 115; Seem. Bot. Her. 

 ^.86. A tree, the young branches softly tomentose. Leaves stalked, oblong- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, about 3 in. long, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous 

 above, tomentose underneath, Avith prominent parallel veins. Male spikes 

 rather lax, erect or spreading, 1^ to 3 in. long, solitary in the axils of tiie 

 young leaves, but forming with them a terminal panicle. Stamens about 10. 

 Female spikes shorter and solitary. Involucres 1 -flowered. Styles 3, subu- 

 late, diverging. Fruiting involucre veiy densely crowded with stout clustered 

 branching prickles. Nut depressed-globular, \ in. diameter. 



In the Happy Valley woods, but rare, CJiampiou ; also Hance and Seemann. Not known 

 from elsewhere. 



2. QUERCUS, Linn. 



Flowers monoecious or rarely dioecious. I\Iale flowers : Perianth of 5 or 6 

 scales. Stamens 6 to 12 or rarely more, inserted round a hairy centre ; flhi- 

 nients slender. Female flowers solitary or 2 or 3 together, within an involucre 

 of numerous small imbricated scales, sometimes united in a solid mass. Ovary 



