134 CARYOPHYLLACEAE. 



Dianthus barbatus L., Sweet William, European and Asiatic, perennial, 

 l<-_2° high, with lanceolate leaves, and pink or white, small flowers in large 

 terminal cymes, the calyx long-toothed, is mentioned by Reade as grown in 

 flower-gardens. 



Saponaria calabrica Guss., Calabrian Soapwort, of southern Europe, 

 mentioned by Jones, is annual, low, 4'-8' high, with oblong leaves and small, 

 pink flowers. 



Gjrpsophila elegans Bieb., Tall Gypsophila, native of the Caucasus, occa- 

 sional in flower-gardens, is a glabrous, much-branched annual l°-2° high, with 

 a few pairs of oblong to linear leaves, or the lower ones spatulate, and large 

 panicles of small, white or lilac flowers with 5 clawed petals and 2 styles, the 

 subglobose pods 4-valved. 



Lychnis Coeli-rosa (L.) Desv., Rose of Heaven, of the Mediterranean 

 region, grown in flower-gardens, is annual, glabrous, l°-2° high, with narrowly 

 linear, long-acuminate leaves 1-^-3' long, rose-red flowers about 1' broad, the 

 many-ribbed calyx club-shaped. [Agrostemma Coeli-rosa L.] 



Order 14. RAlSrALES. 

 Herbs, shrubs or trees. Calyx present, usually of separate sepals. 

 Corolla usually present and of separate petals. Ovary or ovaries superior, 

 free from the calyx; carpels 1 to many, usually separate. Stamens mostly 

 hypogynous and more numerous than the sepals. 



* Aquatic herhs ; floating leaves peltate, or uith a hasol sinus. 



Carpels 3 or more ; petals large ; floating leaves not dissected. 



Pistil 1 ; petals none ; leaves whorled, all submersed Fam. 1. Nymphaeaceae. 



• and dissected. Fam. 2. Ceratophyllaceae. 



** Land or marsh plants {some Ranunciilaceae aquatic). 



Stamens numerous; sepals distinct; petals present (except in some Ranunculaceae). 

 Fruit aggregate, cone-like ; trees ; sepals and petals in 3 series, or more, of 3. 



Fam. 3. Magnoliaceae. 

 Fruit not aggregate ; the carpels separate, at least 

 when mature. 

 Anthers not opening by valves ; pistils usually 

 more than 1. 

 Sepals 3 ; petals 6 ; shrubs or trees. Fam. 4, Axxoxaceae. 



Sepals 3-15 ; petals (when present) about as 



many ; our species herbs or vines. Fam. 5. Ranunculaceae. 



Anthers opening by valves: pistil 1. Fam. 6. Berberidaceae. 



Stamens 9 or 12, in 3 or 4 series of 3 ; anthers opening 

 by valves ; aromatic trees or shrubs with no petals, 

 more or less united sepals, and 1 pistil. Fam. 7. Lauraceae. 



Family 1. NYMPHAEACEAE DC. 



Water Lily Family. 



Aquatic perennial herbs, with horizontal rootstocks, floating, immersed 

 or rarely emersed leaves, and solitary axillary flowers. Sepals 3-5. Petals 

 5-°o. Stamens 5-co ; anthers erect, the connective continuous with the fila- 

 ment. Carpels 3-<^, distinct, united, or immersed in the receptacle. Stig- 

 mas distinct, or united into a radiate or annular disk; ovules 1-°°, ortho- 

 tropous. Fruit indehiseent. Seeds enclosed in pulpy arils, or rarely 

 naked; cotyledons fleshy; hypocotyl verv^ short. Five genera and about 

 45 species, of wide distribution in fresh-water lakes and streams, none 

 native nor naturalized in Bermuda. 



