310 



VEBBENACEAE. 



Spikes slender, the fruits not overlapping. 



Leaves pinnately cleft or incised. 



Leaves merely toothed. 

 Spikes stout, the fruits overlapping. 



Bract shorter than the calyx ; spikes elongated. 



Bract as long as the calyx or longer ; spikes short. 



1. V. officinalis. 



2. F. scabra. 



3. V. bonariensis. 



4. V. rigid a. 



1. Verbena officinalis L. 



European Vervain. Herb-of-the- 

 Cross. Berbine. (Fig. 328.) 

 Stem 4-side(l, glabrous or nearly 

 so, diffusely branched, l°-3° high. 

 Leaves minutely pubescent, the 

 lower deeply incised or 1-2-pin- 

 natifid, ovate, oblong, or obovate, 

 V-SV long, narrowed into mar- 

 gined petioles, the teeth acute; 

 upper Waves linear or lanceolate, 

 acute, entire, sessile; spikes fili- 

 form, at length 4'-5' long; fruits 

 less than 1" high, scattered; bracts 

 ovate, acuminate; corolla purplish 

 cr white, the limb about 11" broad. 

 [F. littoralis of Moore.] 



In waste places and cultivated 

 grovmd. Naturalized. Native of 

 Europe. Naturalized in the southern 

 United States and in tropical Amer- 

 ica. Flowers from spring to autumn. 



2. Verbena scabra Vahl. Eough 

 Vervain. (Fig. 329.) Annual, or per- 

 haps of longer duration; stem rather 

 slender, erect, simple or branched, 1°- 

 4i° high, pubescent with spreading 

 hairs. Leaves l'-3' long, ovate to lance- 

 olate, papillose-scabrous above, pubes- 

 cent on the veins beneath, regularly den- 

 tate nearly all around, acute or acumi- 

 nate at the apex, slender-petioled ; spikes 

 very slender, spreading, often 6' long, 

 rather densely many-flowered; calyx 

 about 1" long, its lobes acute, converg- 

 ing over the fruit; corolla pinkish, about 

 2" wide; nutlets nearly 1" long. [F. 

 urtidfolia of Eeade, Hemsley, H. B. 

 Small and Moore.] 



Common in marshes, and in waste and 

 cultivated grounds. Naturalized. Native 

 of the southern United States, Mexico and 

 the West Indies. Flowers from spring to 

 autumn. 



