March 



1910] 



NA TURE 



■was obtained, viz. 78° 13' N., 16° 30' W., and that 

 the coast was mapped approximately to 79° N. All 

 that is mapped is satisfactorily determined except 

 Caf>e Bourbon and Cape Bergendal, the distances of 

 which were judged, only single angles being taken. A 

 good declination was obtained in 77° 35' N., the result 

 being 37° N.W. 



Full extracts of the journal compiled on 

 board are published. Here we are given the 

 time and position, the weather, the sea, ice 

 observations, stations, and movements of the 



south. Plate Ix. shows deposits from the north 

 of Scotland to north of 80° N. All is blue 

 mud, except the globigerina ooze, which pushes north- 

 east from west of Scotland to within 240 miles of Bear 

 Island, broken only by the volcanic muds of Iceland 

 and the Faeroes. 



Dr. C. H. Ostenfeld treats the botany in a system- 

 atic manner, but beyond the further northern exten- 

 sion of known East Greenland species there is natur- 

 rilly nothing very novel. 



>Ir. Einar Koefoed and Captain de Gerlache give 



Fig. 2. — Cape Philippe. 



ship, and the animals met with, in a thoroughly 

 systematic manner. Next come a list of eighty sound- 

 ings and fifty oceanographical stations, showing good 

 solid work. The soundings vary from 12 to 1846 

 fathoms. Many hydrographic observations were 

 taken, and plankton and other fishing was carried on. 

 Meteorology has been well handled by Dr. Dan la 

 Cour, the observations of twenty-two ships having 

 been considered, as well as thirty-eight land stations, 

 though one misses the observations taken by Scottish 

 whalers in the Greenland Sea and Davis Straits. 



an account of oceanographical equipment which, with 

 the exception of the excellent Lucas sounding machine, 

 was mostly Danish or Norwegian. There follows a 

 useful journal of the fifty stations, mostly in the 

 Greenland and Spitsbergen seas. Tliis journal gives 

 a summar}- of the hydrographic and other work done 

 at each station, and lists of planktonic species. Messrs. 

 B. Helland-Hansen and E. Koefoed then proceed to 

 discuss the hydrography of the expedition, and no 

 expense is spared in enhancing this part of the report 

 with a very excellent series of useful, interesting, and 



Fig. 3.— Duke of Orleans Land, near Cape Amelia 



There are ninety-six synoptic charts for July and 

 August, 1905, which are of great interest. 



Mr. O. B. Boggild reports on the geology. He 

 has a theory of a submarine moraine existing to the 

 east of Greenland, running parallel with the coast, 

 but this is scarcely supported by the bathymetrical 

 chart (plate Ivi.). The geological observations at 

 Cape Saint Jacques (77° 36' N.), on the He de France, 

 are of most interest. Here there are gneisses and 

 schists, and possibly some Devonian rocks probably 

 identical with those that Nathorst found further 

 NO. 2105, VOL. 83] 



beautiful plates and maps for the purpose of demon- 

 strating the distribution of depths, temperature, 

 salinity, currents, &c. Most of the introduction is a 

 summary of the hydrographic work of previous expedi- 

 tions to the Greenland seas, but Messrs. Koefoed 

 and Helland-Hansen have made no mention of Mr. 

 Leigh Smith's w^ork of 1870, nor of that done on 

 board the Princesse Alice during 1898 and 1899, mostly 

 by Mr. J. Y. Buchanan and the reviewer. Leigh 

 Smith was the first to notice the intermediate warm 

 laver in these seas which is specially dealt with by 



