THE VASCULAR SYSTEM 



343 



portal system and the anastomoses between the caudal vein 

 and the posterior cardinals. Here it is united with the pos- 

 terior ends of these latter vessels and annexes them as well 

 as the caudal vein to itself, thus establishing- a single path 



FIG. 96. Venous system of urodeles, based on that of Desmognathus. 

 [In part after (Mrs.) ANNE BARROWS SEELYE.] 



ji, internal jugular; je, external jugular; sc, subclavian; pc, postcava; h, hepatic; 

 pt, portal; g, gastric; si, splenic; abd, abdominal; ves, vesical; ec, epigastric; tns, 

 mesenteric; il, iliac; c, caudal; z, anastomotic branch between the two caudals; 

 ra, vena renales advehentes; cl, lateral cutaneous; cdp, cardinalis posterior; x, 

 anastomotic branch between postcardinal and renal. The systemic veins are given 

 in black; the portal system is in outline. 



