!, 



INDEX 



569 



skeletal elements (Continued') 

 sternum, 138; neural arches, 126; 

 neural processes, 126; nose, car- 

 tilages of external, 157; noto- 

 chord, 26, 27, 63, 122, 123; noto- 

 chord, of Amphioxus, 527; noto- 

 chord, of Balanoglossus, 535 ; 

 notochord, of tunicates, 531 ; oc- 

 cipital condyles, 133; odontoid 

 process of axis, 133; omoster- 

 num, 142 ; operculum, of ear, 

 493; operculum, of gills, 147, I57> 

 opercular bones, 147; opisthocce- 

 lous vertebrae, 131 ; opisthotics, 

 148 ; optic capsules, 145 ; orbitals, 

 83, 147; orbitosphenoids, 148; os 

 entoglossum, 283-285; os falci- 

 forme, 182 ; ossicula auditus, 

 159; ossification, centers of, 148; 

 otic capsules, 145; palate, 270; 

 271; palatines, 83, 147, 156; pa- 

 tella, 178; parabasal, 83, 147; 

 parachordal elements, 144, 145; 

 paraseptal cartilage, 483 ; para- 

 sphenoid, 148 ; parasternum, 141 ; 

 parietals, 82, 83, 147; pectoral 

 girdle, 130, 169-172; petrosal 

 bone, 493 ; petrosals, 148 ; pinna, 

 496, 497; placoid scales, 80, 81, 

 267; placoid scales, as teeth, 154; 

 plastron, of turtle, 105 ; pleura- 

 pophyses, 138; post-f rentals, 82, 

 147; post-temporals, 174; prae- 

 choidal elements, 144, 145 ; prae- 

 frontals, 82, 147; prsemaxillary, 

 156; praesphenoid, 150; primor- 

 dial skull, 145; procoelous verte- 

 brae, 131; procoracoid, 174; pro- 

 otics, 148; propterygium, 176, 

 185-187; pterygoids, 147, 156; 

 pubic bones, 172; quadrate, 

 156, 450, 495 ; quadrato-jugal, 

 496; ribs, 126, 129, 130, 135- 

 138 ; ribs, abdominal, 141 ; ribs, 

 distribution of, 137, 138; ros- 

 tral plates, 146; sacrum, 129; 

 sacral vertebrae, 129, 130; 

 scales, ganoid, 81 ; scales, placoid, 



skeletal elements (Continued) 

 skull, amniote stage, 150, 151 ; 

 skull, amphibian stage, 150; 

 skull, bone complexes of, 151; 

 skull, development of, 142-145; 

 skull, ganoid stage, 146; skull, of 

 cyclostomes, 143 ; skull, of sela- 

 chians, 144, 145, 146, 153; skull, 

 primordial, 145 ; skull, selachian 

 stage, 144-146; spinous processes, 

 134; spiracular cartilage, 155; 

 squamosals, 82, 83, 147; stapes, 

 159, 337, 495; sternebrae, 140; 

 sternum, 138, 139, 142; stylo-hyal, 

 161, 284; styloid process, 161, 284; 

 supra-clavicles, 174; supra-clei- 

 thra, 174 ; supra-occipital, 82, 147 ; 

 suspensorium, of jaws, 155; tar- 

 sal cartilages, 504; tarsus, 177- 

 182; teeth, 267, 271-283; teeth, 

 evolution of shapes, 278-280; 

 teeth of birds, 84; teeth of se- 

 lachians, 81 ; teeth, origin of, 81, 

 !53 I S4> teeth, replacement of, 

 280-283; thecae of jaws, 273; 

 thoracic vertebrae, 130, thyreo- 

 hyal, 284, 314; thyreoid, 314; 

 thyreoid cartridge, 160; tongue- 

 bars, of Amphioxus, 290; tooth, 

 (Structure of, 80; trabeculae, 

 144; trachea, 270, 312; tracheal 

 pieces, 160, 313; tracheal 

 rings, 313, 314; trunk vertebrae, 

 130 ; turbinalia, 479-482 ; tympanic 

 bone, 496; tympanic bulla, 496; 

 tympano-hyal, 161, 284; typical 

 vertebrae, 507-511; uncinate pro- 

 cesses, 136; urostyle, 136; verte- 

 brae, 129, 130; vertebrae, develop- 

 ment of, 124-127; vertebrae, typi- 

 cal, 507-511; vertebral column, 

 130-133; vertebral column, devel- 

 opment of, 124-127; visceral 

 arches, 267; visceral skeleton, 

 122, 152-162; vomero-nasal car- 

 tilage, 483; vomers, 83, 147, 150; 

 Weber's apparatus, 486; wish- 

 bone, 141. 



80, 81, 267; scapula, 174; scapulo- skeleton, relation to soft parts, 123 



coracoid, 173; sesamoid bones, skin, 77 



178; shoulder girdle, I73-I75J skin color in Man, 119 



sinuses, in bones of face, 482; skin, pigmentation of, 118-121 



