CONTENTS. 15 

 CHAPTER III. INDUCTIVE EPOCH OF HIPPARCHUS. 



PAGB 



Sect. 1. Establishment of the Theory of Epicyles and Eccentrics 146 



Sect. 2. Estimate of the Value of the Theory of Eccentrics and Epicycles. 151 



Sect. 3. Discovery of the Precession of the Equinoxes 155 



CHAPTER IV. SEQUEL TO THE INDUCTIVE EPOCH OF 

 HIPPARCHUS. 



Sect. 1. Eesearches which verified the Theory 157 



Sect. 2. Researches which did not verify the Theory 159 



Sect. 3. Methods of Observation of the Greek Astronomers. 161 



Sect. 4. Period from Hipparchus to Ptolemy 166 



Sect. 5. Measures of the Earth 169 



Sect. 6. Ptolemy's Discovery of Evection 170 



Sect. 7. Conclusion of the History of Greek Astronomy 175 



Sect. 8. Arabian Astronomy 176 



BOOK IY. 



HISTORY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE IN THE MIDDLE 



. AGES. 



Introduction 185 



CHAPTER I. ON THE INDISTINCTNESS OF IDEAS OF THE 

 MIDDLE AGES. 



1. Collections of Opinions , 187 



2. Indistinctness of Ideas in Mechanics 188 



3. " " shown in Architecture 191 



4. " in Astronomy 192 



5. " " shown by Skeptics 192 



6. Neglect of Physical Reasoning in Christendom 195 



7. Question of Antipodes 195 



8. Intellectual Condition of the Religious Orders 197 



9. Popular Opinions 199 



CHAPTER II. THE COMMENTATORIAL SPIRIT OF THE 



MIDDLE AGES 201 



1. Natural Bias to Authority 202 



2. Character of Commentators 204 



3. Greek Commentators of Aristotle. . . 205 



