492 THE PIT-FALL. 



The Gardsel must be packed closely together, so that no 

 aperture be left that may give encouragement to the beast, 

 when impounded, to work or gnaw himself out ; and to 

 prevent his burrowing beneath the fence, the stems of small 

 pines or other trees are laid longitudinally on both sides of it, 

 and kept in their place by means of pegs. To the upper 

 edge of the inner side of the fence a row of long poles is 

 fastened lengthwise with withes, and on these again Gran- 

 ris, D D, Figs. 3 and 4, with the points broken and turned 

 inwards, which form, as it were, a chevaux-de-frise ; and as 

 wild beasts are accustomed every day to meet with, and 

 leap over, somewhat similar fences in the forest, they excite 

 no apprehension. 



When the fence is ready, and to ascertain that it is 

 sufficiently high and has the requisite inclination, one may 

 imprison a pretty large and active dog within the enclosure ; 

 and if he cannot find his way out, other animals will not 

 succeed better. 



The pit-fall, a, Figs. 1, 3 and 4, is excavated on rising 

 ground, that water may not lodge within it, and at the spot 

 where the fences form an angle. It should be nine feet 

 square, and ten in depth, and its sides lined or built up with 

 logs of five to six inches in thickness, placed vertically in 

 like manner with pits in ordinary use for wolves or foxes. 



Both sides of the mouth of the pit-fall, E E, Fig. 5, are 

 securely covered over with boards, so that only a space of 

 about thirty inches, F, remains open. To hide this aperture, 

 the thick ends of Gran-ris are fastened to the outer parts 

 of E E, the points of which meeting in the middle, completely 

 conceal it from view. 



Over the aperture F again, is a Trumma, or covered 



