CHAPTER XIV. 



THE TAME REIN-DEER AS A BEAST OF BURDEN FOR DRAUGHT HIS SPEED 

 AND ENDURANCE FOOD ENEMIES THE MOSQUITO HERD OF REIN-DEER 



THE LASSO MILKING BUTTER AND CHEESE NATURALIZATION THE 



RED DEER THE ROEBUCK. 



THE Laplanders, as known, possess vast herds of domes- 

 ticated rein-deer. Those useful animals not only mainly 

 contribute to the subsistence, but constitute the chief riches 

 of that nomade people. Without the rein-deer, indeed, the 

 Lapp could hardly contrive to exist in the dreary regions he 

 inhabits the needful provender being too scanty to admit of 

 the well-being of other animals, such as sheep and horned cattle, 

 which in more southern countries are made subservient to the 

 purposes of man. The skins of the rein-deer serve the Lapp 

 for raiment, and the milk and flesh for food and nourishment. 

 With the exception of fish and game, indeed, he lives on 

 little besides. Bread of any kind is unknown to him. 



The rein-deer, moreover, is invaluable in other ways. In 

 the summer, in like manner with a pack-horse, he bears the 

 tent and household gear of his owner when removing from 



