304 THE PIPITS. 



M. Malm met with this bird in abundance in northern Lap- 

 land, and even on the highest fjall-moors. He describes it as 

 the last of the smaller migratory birds that in the autumn 

 take their departure for the south. 



The A. rufogularis, Brehm. (A. cervinus, Kays. & Bias. ; 

 A. pratensis var. rufogularis, Schleg. ; Motacilla cervina, 

 Pallas : omn. fide Kjserb.) belongs to the Scandinavian fauna ; 

 and breeds, according to Malm, in eastern Finmark in Nor- 

 way. It has been shot in one instance in Denmark, and that 

 by Kjaerbolling himself. 



The Tree Pipit (Trad-Piplarka, or Tree-Pipelark, Sw. ; 

 A. arboreus, Bechst.) was numerous in my vicinity. It is 

 also common in all wooded districts, from Scania to northern 

 Lapland. In the far north, however, it is said not to be 

 so abundant as the meadow-pipit. Migrates. 



The Falt-Piplarka, or Field-Pipelark (A. campestris, 

 Bechst.), is common in the south of Sweden, as well on 

 the coast as in the interior ; but is believed not to be found 

 in the midland or northern portions of Scandinavia. Elevated 

 and sandy heaths are its favourite resorts. This bird makes 

 its nest on the ground amongst grass, under a bush, or 

 by the side of a stone. The female lays from four to six 

 bluish-white eggs, marked with red-brown and violet- 

 coloured spots and blotches. It is scarce in Denmark. 

 Migrates. 



The Rock Pipit (Skar-Piplarka, or Rock-Pipelark, Sw. ; 

 A. petrosus, Flem.) was exceedingly common, not only on 

 our coast, but on that of the whole of Scandinavia from 

 Scania to the North Cape. Every rocky islet, indeed, is occu- 

 pied with a pair or two of these birds ; but I do not remember 

 having seen them in the interior of the country. Migrates. 



