Contents ix 



Development Germinal Layers Influence of Evolution Doctrine The 

 Gastraa Theory The Recapitulation Doctrine Substitution of Organs 



Experimental Embryology Theories of Development. 



CHAPTER XI 

 Heredity .......... 140 



A Modern Study The Facts of Inheritance Problems of Heredity 

 Theories as to the Uniqueness of the Germ-cells The Doctrine of Ger- 

 minal Continuity Elaborations of the Idea of Continuity The Problem 

 of Reconstruction Inheritance of Acquired Characters Criticisms of 

 Weismanns Position Filial Regression Galtotis Law of Ancestral 

 Inheritance. 



CHAPTER XII 

 Paleontology - ....... 162 



Scope of Paleontology Ancient Opinions Meditxval Opinions The 

 Diluvial Theory The Foundation of Palaeontology Cuvier Lamarck 



William Smith Palaeontology of Plants The Cuvierian School 

 Richard Owen Louis Agassiz Palaeontology after Darwin Palceon 

 tology and Evolution. 



CHAPTER X1I1 

 Geographical Distribution ....... 7/j 



Zoo-geographical Regions Phy to-geographical Regions Factors in 

 Distribution The Great Faunas and Floras: Littoral, Pelagial, 

 Abyssal, Fluvial, and Terrestrial Evolution of Faunas, 



CHAPTER XIV 

 Bionomics - - iSj 



The Term Bionomics History of Bionomics Fritz Miiller as a Type 

 Organisms and their Environment Adaptations Sprengel Nutritive 

 Chains Inter-relations between Plants and Animals Inter-relations 

 among Animals Inter-relations among Plants The Struggle for 

 Existence. 



CHAPTER XV 

 Psychology of Animals ....... 198 



Biology and Psychology Theological Interpretation Metaphysical 

 Interpretation A nimal A utomatism The Word ' ' Instinct " The 

 Inclined Plane of Activities Lamarckian Theory of Instinct Dar- 

 win s Position The Work of Romanes Weismanns Position Lloyd 

 Morgans Experiments Open Questions Psychological Aspects of 

 Mating. 

 (M523) ft 



