Contents 



CHAPTER I 



Pap 



An Outline of the History of Biology / 



Foundations Aristotle The Dormant Period Legendary Biology 

 The Scientific Renascence The Encyclopedists From Buff on to Dar- 

 win: A. Morphological Analysis; B. Physiological Analysis After 

 Darwin Summary. 



CHAPTER II 

 Classification of Animals ------- 12 



Meaning of Classification Early Classifications Physiological Classi- 

 fication Aristotle Ray and Linneeus Lamarck Cuvier Recogni- 

 tion of Embryological Basis Genealogical Trees Grades of Classifica- 

 tion Conception of Species. 



CHAPTER III 

 Classification of Plants 20 



Ancient Classification Medieeval Mysticism The Herbalists Cesal- 

 pino Linnteus Development of the Natural System. 



CHAPTER IV 

 The Study of Structure (Animal Morphology) - - - 2f 



The Scope of Morphology Foundations laid by Aristotle Rise of Com- 

 parative Anatomy Cuvier and Correlation Cuvier s Contemporaries 

 Richard Owen Huxley Hackel Gegenbaur Criteria of Homo logy 

 Physiological Morphology. 



CHAPTER V 



The Study of Structure (Vegetable Morphology) - - "39 



Early Anticipations Metamorphosis in Flowering Plants Wolff- 

 Goethe Subsequent Development Foundations of exact Morphology 

 Comparative Embryology Alternation oj Generations Study of Alfa t 

 Fungi, and Lichens. 



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