158 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF [LECT. 



1. It is admitted by all that there was a period 

 when bronze was extensively used for arms and im- 

 plements. The great number of such objects which are 

 preserved in our museums places this beyond doubt. 

 For France alone Monsieur Chantre, in his Age du 

 Bronze, gives the following numbers. Celts, 9,153; 

 swords and daggers, 727; lances, 513; knives, 342; 

 sickles, 225 ; pins, 1,220 ; needles, 204 ; bracelets 

 1,086; rings and chains, 1,572; arrow-heads, 213; 

 hammers, 23 ; anvils, 5 ; chisels, 58 ; gouges, 31 ; razors, 

 62 ; saws, 8 ; hooks, 172 ; moulds, 74 ; and a variety of 

 other articles, making altogether no less than 20,000 

 objects. In Switzerland, again, more than 10,000 have 

 been discovered : the numbers for some of the principal 

 lake- villages are given in Table B. 



2. It would, however, be a mistake to suppose that 

 stone implements were entirely abandoned. Arrow- 

 heads and flakes of flint are found abundantly in some 

 of those Swiss lake- villages which contain bronze. In 

 these cases, indeed, it may be argued, that the same 

 site had been occupied both before and after the in- 

 troduction of bronze. The evidence derived from the 

 examination of tumuli is, however, not open to the 

 same objection, and in these objects of bronze and of 

 stone are very frequently found together. Thus I have 

 shown, by an analysis of the investigations recorded 

 by Mr. Bateman, that in three-fourths of the tumuli 

 containing bronze (29 out of 37) stone objects also 

 occurred. 



3. Some of the bronze axes appear to be mere copies 

 of the stone ones. Such simple axes of iron are still 

 used in Central Africa, where no evidence of a Bronze 



