SCIENCE AND PROGRESS 



become infertile, like the nobility in monarchical 

 countries. There is, then, a sort of a breeding level, 

 and that level is low. Undoubtedly it is this which 

 explains why it is that ten thousand years of his- 

 tory disclose so little improvement, so little real 

 change. 



With better industrial arrangements these con- 

 ditions should disappear, and with them much else. 

 \Ve shall have we are gaining slowly a new 

 criminology, more humane, and at the same time, 

 possibly, more rigorous. The Hebraic scheme will 

 be banished ; we shall not punish, but we may not 

 spare. The deformed, the defective, and diseased 

 must be incessantly weeded out. Doubtless, too, 

 present marriage relations will be greatly altered, 

 for their present basis, the support of the woman 

 and her offspring, will have ceased to be a neces- 

 sary consideration. 



Finally, we shall have a healthier morality. I 

 quote an admirable passage from Professor Loeb's 

 recent volume: 



"The analysis of the instincts, from a purely physiologi- 

 cal point of view, will ultimately furnish the data for a sci- 

 entific ethics. Human happiness is based upon the pos- 

 sibility of a natural and harmonious satisfaction of the 

 instincts. One of the most important of the instincts is not 

 usually recognized as such namely, the instinct of work- 

 manship. Lawyers, criminologists, and philosophers fre- 

 quently imagine that it is only want that makes man work. 



35 



