48 



TEXT-BOOK OF ENTOMOLOGY 



FIG. *8. -Head of 



All the gulo-mental region of the head appears to represent the 

 base of the second maxillae, and the question hence arises whether 



the subraentum is not the homologue 

 of the cardines of the first maxillae 

 fused, and the mentum that of the 

 stipites of the latter also fused to- 

 gether. If this should prove to be 

 the case, the homologies between the 

 two pairs of maxillae will be still 

 closer than before supposed. Where 

 the gula is differentiated, this repre- 

 sents the basal piece of the second 

 maxillae. In Figs. 28, 29, 30, and 31, 

 these three pieces are clearly shown 

 to belong to the second maxillary seg- 

 ment. It is evident that these pieces 

 or sclerites belong to the second 

 . . * angutti- maxillary or labial segment of the 



collis, seen from beneath, showing the f?ena neac } as c | oes the OCCipUt. which may 

 and gula : m, mentum ; #>n, submentum ; 



labr, under side of the labmm ; *, hypo- represent the tergo-pleural portion of 



pharyngeal chitinous support. .. 



the segment. Miall and Denny also 

 regarded the submentum as the basal 

 piece of the second maxillae. 



The occiput (Fig. 29, B, (7), as stated be- 



yond, is very 



rarely pres- 



ent as a sepa- 



rate piece; 



in the adult 



insect we 



have only ob 



served it in FIG. so. Head of JA/H^*/ &>- 



,~. I _ 1 ., rifn, under side : <-. eye ; other letter- 



Corydalus. ingasin \ K .^. 

 The occipital 



region may be designated as that part 

 of the head adjoining and containing the 

 occipital foramen. Newport considers 

 the occiput as that portion of the base 

 of the head "which is articulated with 

 the anterior margin of the prothorax. It 



IO si - Head of Limnephiiu* is perforated by a large foramen, through 

 which the organs of the head are con- 



