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TEXT-BOOK OF ENTOMOLOGY 



According to the views of Schneider, the sperinatophores, with their capsule, 

 usually consist solely of seminal filaments, which stick closely to each other, 

 and only exceptionally have a capsule formed by a glandular secretion. In 

 Locusta, however, and perhaps also in Gryllus, the sperm is enveloped by the 

 secretion of the accessory glands of the seminal ducts ; the spermatophores 

 pass, still fluid, out of the sexual opening of the male into that of the female, 

 but become chilled on the outer surface, so that the sperm, without coming in 

 contact with the air, passes into the receptaculum seminis. 



The mode of grouping of the spermatozoa of the Locustidse as they occur in 

 the spermatheca of the female is remarkable. Their heads lie so close to each 

 other that they form a long shaft, while the numerous threads are arranged so as 

 to look like the two vanes of a feather, the entire mass being like a very long 

 heron's feather. (Siebold.) 



In the honey-bee the spermatophore is .likewise enveloped by the secretion of 

 the accessory glands, and thereby becomes a sort of seminal cartridge. This is a 

 peculiar oval body which is carried during the marriage-flight into the air within 

 the upper part of the penis, the so-called penis-bulb. (Leuckart.) 



b. The female organs of reproduction 



The different parts of the female reproductive organs are the 

 following : 



1. The two ovaries. 



2. The two oviducts. 



3. The common egg-passage in nearly all insects (its distal or 



hindermost part forming the nterus 

 or vagina). 



4. The receptaculum seminis, or 

 spermatheca. 



5. The bursa copulatrix, or copula- 

 tory pouch. 



6. The accessory glands (cement, 

 sebific, or colleterial glands, or "oil 

 reservoirs," glandulae sebacese, cole- 

 terium). 



The ovaries and the ovarian tubes. 

 As in the testes, so each ovary 

 consists of a variable number of 

 ovarian tubes, by some called ovari- 

 oles, united by a thread at the distal 

 end, and at the lower or hinder 

 end opening into the oviduct. Each 

 ovarian or egg tube is divided into 

 three sections: (1) the terminal 

 thread; (2) the terminal chamber, 



PIG. 472. Female organs of genera- 

 tion of a saw-fly (Athalia cent if '</<'>' 

 a, b, o, the 18 ovarial tubes originating 

 from each of the two oviducts (<?), and con- 

 taining the immature eggs ; e, common 

 oviduct ; f, spermatheca ; g, poison-sac ; 

 h, poison-glands ; 10, last ganglion. After 

 Newport. 



