646 



TEXT-BOOK OF ENTOMOLOGY 



in the Coleoptera, Trichoptera, and the more generalized and primi- 

 tive Diptera, each segment and appendage of the larva are directly 

 ffj f transformed into the corresponding parts of 



~~3 n the pupa, and subsequently of the imago. We 

 shall see, however, beyond, that this general 

 statement does not apply to the Hymenoptera, 

 in which there is a process of cephalization 

 or transfer of parts headward, peculiar to that 

 order. 



The change in the internal organs. These 

 were especially, as regards the nervous sys- 

 tem, first carefully examined and illustrated 



FK,. 51K 



Fin. 5<i!i. 



FK;. Hi ii l. 



FK;. 508. Internal organs of Sphinx liguxtri : 1, heiid ; "21, thoracic, 5-18, abdominal seg- 

 ments; V, fore-, M, mid-, K, hind-intestine; {/x. brain; gi, infraoesophageal ganglion; n. ven- 

 tral ganglion ; <om, urinary tubes ; c, heart ; G, testis ; o, oesophagus ; a, anus ; m, alary muscles of 

 the heart. 



FK;. 599. Pupa of the same. 



FIG. 600. Imago of the same. This and Figs. 59S and 599 after Newport, from (rcircnbaur. 



by that great English entomotomist, Newport, and those of the 

 reproductive organs by Herold as early as 1815. A Blanco at the 

 figures (598-604), reproduced from Newport's article Insecta, will 



