264 



CLASSIFICATION OF VERTEBRATES. 



forms. Living genera, Echineis and Remora, suck-fishes, which attach 

 themselves by their suckers to fish, ships, etc. 



FlG. 263. Suck-fish or remora, Remora brachyptera, after Goode. 



SUB-ORDER 19. ANACANTHINI. 



No spines in any fins, ventrals jugular in position. GADID^E, one of 

 the most important families of fishes ; caudal fin present, scales cycloid, 

 chin with barbels except in Merlucius. Gadus, cod and haddock ; Pol- 

 lachius, pollock ; Microgadus, tomcod ; Lota, burbot (fresh water) ; Phycis ; 

 Merlucius, hake. MACRURID/E, tail tapering to a point, without caudal 

 Macrurus. The Anacanthini are represented by Nemopteryx in the oligo- 

 cene, while Gadus and Phycis appear in the miocene. 



FIG. 264. Cod, Gadus morrhua, after Storer. 



SUB-ORDER 20. T^ENIOSOMI. 



Body elongate and ribbon shaped ; ventrals thoracic ; dorsal high, and 

 running the length of the back ; mouth small, teeth weak ; caudal, when 

 present, directed upwards. The ribbon-fishes are deep-sea forms, reaching 

 a length of 15 or 20 feet. REGALECID^E, ventrals reduced to a single 

 filament. Regalecus. TRACHYPTERID^:, ventrals normal or wanting. 

 Trachypterus ; Stylephorus. 



SUB-ORDER 21. HETEROSOMATA. 



Fins without spines ; dorsal and anals very long ; ventrals thoracic : 

 tail diphycercal : head twisted so that both eyes appear on the same side. 

 The flat fishes are among the most remarkable of fishes from the torsion of 



