34 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 
in Kingwash fjord and vicinity just before it froze up, for a few 
days only ; none seen in spring ; does not breed in Cumberland 
gulf. (Kuwmelin.) One specimen was taken by the natives on 
the Pribilof islands in 1895. Perhaps a regular visitor in winter. 
(Palmer.) 
XXI. RISSA STEPHENS. 1825. 
40. Kittiwake Gull. 
Rissa tridactyla (LINN.) BONAP. 1838. 
Breeds in both inspectorates, but more commonly in the south- 
ern part of Greenland. (Avct. Man.) Not common on Ellsemere 
island. (&. Bay.) Common along the Atlantic coast, south from 
Greenland, especially in winter. A rather common resident in 
New Brunswick. (Chamberlain.) Breeding in considerable numbers 
at Bird rocks and on the limestone cliffs at Wreck bay, Anticosti. 
(Brewster.) Breeds plentifully on the northern porticns of the 
Atlantic coast of Labrador; Verrill reports them breeding in 
immense numbers on the eastern and northern shores of Anticosti, 
(Packard.) Common off Great Whale river, Hudson bay, on the 
edge of the ice in the winter of 1898-99 ; not very common in the 
northern part of Hudson bay or elsewhere in the north. (4. P. 
Low.) By far the most abundant of all the sea-fowl in north- 
eastern Labrador. (Sigelow.) Quite common on the River St, 
Lawrence. (Dzonne.) Reaching the western end of Lake Ontario 
in considerable numbers. (J/cllwraith.) ; 
This species abounds in the interior of the Northwest Territories 
and on the shores of the Arctic sea, where it breeds. (Azchardson.) 
First observed in the Strait of Belle Isle on our outward passage 
in August, 1877; from this point northward they were constantly 
with us and extremely abundant until the ice covered the water ; 
they are altogether absent from Cumberland gulf in spring and 
summer. (Kumelin.) 
40a. Pacific Kittiwake. 
Rissa tridactyla pollicaris Ripew. 1884. 
Found along the coast of Vancouver island and in the Gulf of 
Georgia. (Zord.) The entire coast line of Alaska, with all its 
numerous islands, both near the mainland and far out at sea, are 
