342 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 
This species is not uncommon in the hills north of Ottawa, and 
is known to breed. (Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) Said to have been 
formerly resident at Toronto, Ont. Muskoka and Parry Sound 
districts seem to be the home of this species. The work done by 
the pileated woodpecker in cutting ito dead trees is wonderful. 
A pair will work all winter at one tree cutting it to pieces. I have 
several times seen stubs that have been so cut up that they have 
broken down. The birds cut deep holes in the sides of the trees to 
get entrance into the soft centre when the cuts are continued and 
lengthened until little of its inside remains. (J. H. Fleming.) 
Found quite numerous at Whitney on the Parry Sound railway late 
in the fall of 1898. (J. Hughes-Samuel.) Not common in Algonquin 
park in summer; more plentiful in winter. One individual seen on 
Missinabi river, Ont., June roth, 1904. (Spreadborough.) A rare 
resident in the neighbourhood of London, Ont. (W. E. Saunders.) 
Rare resident in heavy timber, but becomes more abundant to the 
northward. According to Hutchins it has been taken in January 
at Gloucester House in lat. 50° 31’ N., long. 96° 03’ W., 387 miles 
up the Albany river. (EF. T. Seton.) A fairly numerous breeder in 
the heavier spruce districts of the northern and eastern parts of 
Manitoba and about Lake Winnipegosis and the Saskatchewan 
river but not outside this timber. (Atkinson.) This great wood- 
pecker is a resident all the year in the interior of the Northwest 
Territories, up to lat. 62° or 63°, rarely appearing near Hudson bay, 
but frequenting the gloomiest recesses of the forests that skirt the 
Rocky mountains. (Richardson.) North to Fort Liard, lat. 61°; 
rare. (Ross.) Rare on the Clearwater river, Atha., lat. 56° 40’. 
(J. M. Macoun.) Common east and west of the Coast range. 
(Lord.) Common in the coast region where it breeds; they are not 
very common on Vancouver island. (Streator.) Common; but 
more abundant on the coast. (Fannin.) Common resident at 
Chilliwack, B.C.; tolerably common around Lake Okanagan, B.C., 
in winter; scarce in the Cariboo district, B.C. (Brooks.) One seen 
between Lesser Slave lake and Peace River Landing, Atha.; a few 
were noted at Banff in 1891; seen at Revelstoke in April, 1890; at 
Deer Park, Lower Arrow lake, June 14th, 1890, and at Robson on 
the Columbia river, at an altitude of 4,200 feet, June 26th, 1890; 
and quite common between Trail and Cascade, on the 49th parallel, 
in 1902; saw several at Penticton in 1903, found it common at Elko 
