598 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 
Common summer resident of half-wooded districts in Manitoba. 
Breeding freely at Carberry, Shell river and Qu’Appelle. (E. T. 
Seton.) A regular and common breeding species in Manitoba 
generally and noted along the G.T.P. Ry. in 1906, west to Edmonton, 
Alta. (Atkinson.) Formerly common but now rather rare at 
Aweme, Man. (Criddle.) First seen at Indian Head, Sask., on 
May 16th, 1892, they were never common; a few breed there, as 
they were seen up to the end of June; first seen at Medicine Hat, 
Sask., on May 14th, 1894, later they became common and doubtless 
~ bred in the river valley; apparently breeding near Pend d’Oreille, 
on the Milk river, Alta., July roth, 1895; observed a pair on May 
18th, 1897, at Edmonton, Alta., building a nest in a clump of wil- 
lows; I unfortunately shot the female; nest nearly finished, com- 
posed of weeds; observed one at Midway, B.C., April 6th, 1905. 
(Spreadborough.) This is a more southern bird than Lanius borealis 
and does not seem to advance further north than lat. 54°. Its habits 
are precisely similar to the other, and its food, which was grasshop- 
pers, the same. They are numerous on the plains. Mr. Drummond 
found a nest in a willow bush, in the beginning of June, which was 
built of twigs of Artemisia and dried grass and lined with feathers. 
(Richardson.) 
622). California Shrike. 
Lanius ludovicianus gambeli RipGw. 1887. 
One taken in April, 1888, at Chilliwack, Fraser river valley, B.C., 
1888. (Brooks.) This specimen is referred here on the authority of 
Mr. W. Brewster. 
Famiry XLVIII. VIREONIDA. Vireos. 
CCXLVI. VIREOSYLVA. Bonaparte. 1838. 
624 Red-Eyed Vireo. 
Vireosylva olivacea (LINN.) BONAP. 1850. 
One specimen received in Copenhagen from Greenland in 1844. 
(Arct. Man.) Very abundant all down the Moose river; not ob- 
served further north than Moose Factory. (Spreadborough.) Com- 
mon in NovaScotiainsummer. (H.F. Tujts.) A common summer 
