Carpinus 527 



10. Ostrya japonica, Sargent. China, Japan. 



Leaves 3 to 4 inches long, velvety to the touch above, slightly cordate at the 

 base. Branchlets with dense, scarcely appressed, pubescence. 



11. Ostrya virginica,^'\!(\.di&nQ'w. North America. 



Leaves 3 to 4 inches long, not velvety to the touch above, slightly cordate at 

 the base. Branchlets glandular-pubescent. (A. H.) 



CARPINUS ORIENTALIS 



Carpinus orientalis. Miller, Gard. Diet. ed. 7, No. 3 (1759); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. iii. 2014 



(1838); Winkler, Betiilaceee, 37 (1904). 

 Carpinus duinensis, Scopoli, Fl. Carniol. ii. 243, t. 60 (1772); Boissier, Fl. Orient. i\. 11 77 (1879); 



Willkomm, Forstliche Flora, 366 (1887). 

 Carpinus nigra, Moench, Verz. Ausldnd. Bdume u. Stand. 19 (1785). 



A small tree or large shrub, rarely attaining 50 feet in height ; bark smooth and 

 greyish. Young branchlets covered with a very minute dense pubescence, with 

 which are intermixed scattered long hairs. Leaves (Plate 201, Fig. 7) small,^ strongly 

 plicate, the nerves being deeply impressed above, about i^^ inch long by f inch wide, 

 ovate or ovate-elliptical, acute at the apex, unequal and slightly cordate at the base ; 

 margin sharply bi-serrate, ciliate ; upper surface dark green, shining, with scattered 

 long hairs; lower surface light green, pilose on the midrib and nerves, glabrous 

 between the nerves, with minute axil-tufts ; nerves nine to thirteen pairs ; petioles, 

 1^ to f inch, pilose ; stipules linear-lanceolate, pubescent at the apex, ^ inch long, 

 often persistent during summer. Fruit : strobiles, up to 2 inches long ; bracts 

 densely imbricated, f inch long, obliquely ovate, not lobed, sharply and irregularly 

 serrate. 



This species is a native of south-eastern Europe and western Asia. It occurs 

 in Italy and Sicily, reaching its northern limit in Istria, Croatia, Slavonia, Banat, 

 and Transylvania, and extending southwards through the Balkan States to Macedonia 

 and Greece. It is also met with in the Crimea, Asia Minor, and the Caucasus. 



It was introduced into cultivation in England in 1739 by Miller. It appears to 

 be exceedingly rare, the only specimens we have seen being at Kew, where there are 

 several small trees, one of which, planted in 1878, is now about 20 feet high. 



(A. H.) 



CARPINUS POLYNEURA 



Carpinus polyneura,xa.r\c\\et, Journ. de Bot. xiii. 202 (1899); Burkill, /wr. Linn. Soc. {Bot.), xxvi. 



SOI (1899). 

 Carpinus Turczaninowii, Hance, \a.r. polyneura, Winkler, Betulacea, 38, f. 12 (1904). 



A small tree, attaining 30 feet in height ; bark greyish, slightly Assuring and 

 scaly. Young branchlets with scattered long hairs. Leaves (Plate 201, Fig. 5) 



' In wild specimens the leaves are often larger, 2 to 2\ inches in length. 



