498 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Subgenus cvxoperca Gill & Jordan 



244 Stizostedion canadense (Smith) 



Sanger; Sand Pike 



Lucioi)crca canadensis C. H. Smith, in Griffith's Cuv. Regne Auim. X, 275^ 



pi. 7, 1834; De Kay, N. Y. Fauna, Fishes. 19. pi. 68, fig. 221, 1842: 

 ' (extralimital); Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. I, 75, 1859. 

 Stizostediiim latiadcnsc Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. 16, U. S. Nat. Mus. 526, 



1883. 

 Stizostedion canadense Meek, Ann. N. Y. Ac. Sci. IV, 314, 1888; Bean, 



Fishes Penna. 130, pi. 34, fig. 70. 1893; Evermann & Kendall, Rept. 



U. S. F. C. for 1894, 601. 1896; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47. IT. S. 



Nat. Mus. 1022, 1896, pi. CLXIV, fig. 434, 1900. 



Body slender, not much compressed, roundish; its depth con- 

 tained four and one half to five times in the total without caudal. 

 The head is pointed, about two sevenths of standard length 

 and contains the eye five to five and one half times. The 

 mouth is smaller than in the pike perch; the maxilla reaches to 

 the hind margin of the eye. D. XII to XIII, I, 17 to 18; A. II, 

 12. Scales 92 to 98; 4 to 7 pyloric caeca, unequal in size and 

 all of them shorter than the stomach. 



Color olivaceous above; sides brassy or pale orange, mottled 

 with black in the form of irregular dark blotches, which are 

 best (jcliiicd under the soft dorsal. The spinous dorsal has 

 sevcial rows of round black spots on the membrane between 

 the spines; no black blotch on the hind part of the spinous 

 dorsal. Pectorals with a large dark blotch at base; soft dorsal 

 with several rows of dark spots irregularly placed; caudal yel- 

 lowish wilh (lark s])ols forming interrupted bars. 



The Sanger is known also as sand pike, gray pike and green 

 pike, jfirkering, pickerel and horsefish. It is found in the St 

 Lawrence rivci- ;niil (h-cat lakes region, the upper Mississippi 

 and ^Missoni-i rivers ;ind in the Ohio, where it is said to have 

 bicii iiiiroduccd Iroi'i the lakes through canals. This is a small 

 lish, seldom exceed ii>''- 18 inches in length, and embraces several 

 ^ :"''' i''^- K i^ ^i. < onimoii in the Great lakes and is abun- 

 biiii in !lic Ohio i v. ]{ is doubtful whether it is native to 

 Ohio ei' inir(Ml;(, ( is nlso found rarelv in Cavuga lake. 

 I{(\ . /iidork Tho'i " ^ in iiis Histnri/ nf Yermont, saj'S it is much, 



