FAMILY SCOLYTIDAE 



eggs in this. The number of egg-galleries bored away from the pairing- 

 chamber appears to be three or four (fig. 338). It often happens that in 

 leaving the pairing-chamber the ? bores the egg-gallery for some distance in 

 the thick bast-layer without breaking through the inner surface. In such 

 cases the number of egg-galleries bored away from the pairing-chamber appear 

 to be smaller than they really are. The larval galleries are situated entirely 

 in the bast, and take off approximately at right angles, but curve away 

 later on (see pi. li). The sapwood is not touched either by the egg or 

 larval galleries. The egg and larval galleries are closely packed with wood- 

 dust and ejected particles. 



This Polygraphus confines itself almost entirely to the bast and bark 



of the tree, making no, or very little, impression on the 

 Rela io r ns t tothe sapwood. Its galleries run in the bast nearer to the 



outside of the tree than those of the Touiicns, which 



groove deep into the sapwood. Like the latter, however, it appears to 

 prefer the thick bark and bast layer of the main trunk of the older 

 trees. It is always in greater numbers here, though it is to be found more 

 rarely in the softer portions affected by the larger species of the genus 

 (P. major). It has also been found in company with Polygraphus nigra. Its 

 presence can be detected by the small shot-holes appearing on the outside 

 of the bark, these latter being much smaller than those of the Toinicus. 

 It also attacks the spruce in a similar manner to the blue pine in company 

 with the blue-pine Touiiciis. Remedial measures are the same as those 

 given for this latter insect (p. 555). 



Polygraphus longifolia, Stebbing. 

 (The Long-needled Pine Polygraphus.) 



REFERENCES. Stebbing, Ind. For. Mem. Zool. Ser. i, pt. i, 10 ; id. Depart. Notes, i, 255. 



Habitat. North-West Himalaya. 



Tree Attacked. Chir Pine (Pinus longifolia). Jaunsar, Tehri Garhwal, 

 Kumaun, Bashahr, and Chamba. 



Beetle. Oblong. Head black, prothorax and elytra dark chestnut-brown. Antennae and 

 legs yellow, the legs, except tarsi, with a slightly chestnut tinge. Head with the circular brush 



of hair on front, sparse, short ; vertex almost smooth, with a very fine 

 Description. shining short median longitudinal line posteriorly meeting prothorax 



(sometimes absent) ; a few fine very scattered punctures. Prothorax 



about a fourth as broad as long, with the transverse channel in anterior fourth very much less 

 prominent than m pint and scarcely reaching down on to sides ; punctate, the punctures not 

 dense. Elytra not quite twice as long as prothorax, slightly dilated towards apex ; striate- 

 rugose, the rugosities disappearing in the apical fourth ; most prominent basally, where the 

 elytra are clothed with a fine whitish-yellow pubescence interspersed with a few long stiff 

 yellow hairs, the rest with a fine sparse pubescence ; the sutural stria most prominent 

 med : anly. Length, 2.75 mm. to 3 mm. The male is smaller than the female. PI. li, fig. i/', \c. 



Larva.- >Vhite, curved, and corrugated. Head small, yellow, shining. Length, 

 2.75 mm. Fig. r. 



Pupa. White tinged with yellow, constricted posteriorly with small flaps, the wing out- 

 growths on the dorsal surface, and short legs and antennae on lower surface. Fig. in. 



