FAMILY SCOLYTIDAE 527 



Owing to the rough thick bark of the Finns I on gi folia and the deep 

 crevices in it, it is by no means easy to detect the attacks of this insect 

 without removing the bark. Often, however, the red and white wood-dust 

 ejected by the male when tunnelling down into the tree to prepare the 

 pairing-chamber, which either projects in a tiny cylinder from the surface 

 of the bark or forms a little powdery mass just below it, attracts the attention 

 and indicates that beetles are at work in the tree. 



These are fully dealt with under the Scolytus bark-borer (p. 572), and 



they are very similar to those already advocated for the 

 Protection and , ,., ., r . i T i i.- ^.u 



Remedial Measures, cryptorhynchid weevil of this pine. In plantations they 



can be put into force with considerable advantage. We 



know the approximate dates on which we shall find larvae and pupae in the 

 trees, i.e. middle of May, end of July, third week to end of September, and 

 middle of November. Badly infested trees should be cut out and burnt 

 at these periods; the best time would be during winter. If the scolytid is 

 to be dealt with at that season it would be essential that the badly infested 

 trees were marked down in the autumn, as during the winter months the 

 insect is quiescent and there would be little evidence on the external parts 

 of the tree to show that it was badly infested. 



Some of these are dealt with under Tomicus longifolia, e.g. a species of 



Predaceous Insects. Chalcid > a carabid Tachyta, the histerids Niponius and 



Paromalus, a trogositid Timnochila, and the clerid Thana- 



snnus (vide p. 560). They appear to feed upon this bark-borer as well as 

 upon that pest. 



Hypophloeus, sp. nov. This species of Hypophloem is predaceous on 

 P. longifolia in the chir-pine trees. The beetle is described and figured 

 on p. 236. 



Life History. I took this insect very numerously in the galleries of this 

 Polygraphus in a recently blown down large green chir pine. The beetles 

 were taken in the middle of October 1906, and were swarming amongst the 

 scolytid larvae in the tree. I was at first of opinion that the insect was 

 feeding on the sap of the tree, but subsequent investigations seem to confirm 

 the statement that the beetle or its grubs are predaceous or semi-predaceous. 

 I took the insect in other localities in Jaunsar. 



Polygraphus aterrimus, Slrohiiiryrr. 



REFERENCE. Strohmeyer, Kntomol. \Voclicnhl. xxv, p. <> (1908). 



Habitat. Xorth-\\Vst Him:il;iy;i. 



Tree Attacked. Deodar (('dims dcmlara}. Ktilu. 



Strohmeyer had four specimens of this insect sent to him by C. Rost, from 

 Kulu, with the information that they were taken from deodar. I am of 

 opinion that the insect is identical with Poly^niplius major, but make the 

 statement with reserve, as I have not seen Strohmeyer's specimens. 



